Dí
surname Di
variant of 狄[Di2], generic name for northern ethnic minorities during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC-220 AD)
xiān Qín
pre-Qin, Chinese history up to the foundation of the Qin imperial dynasty in 221 BC
Qín Hàn
the Qin (221-207 BC) and Han (206 BC-220 AD) dynasties
Lǐ Sī
Li Si (c. 280-208 BC), Legalist philosopher, calligrapher and Prime minister of Qin kingdom and Qin dynasty from 246 to 208 BC
qín qín
attentive
solicitous
earnest
sincere
Dí
surname Di
generic name for northern ethnic minorities during the Qin and Han Dynasties (221 BC-220 AD)
Qín Shǐ huáng
Qin Shihuang (259-210 BC), the first emperor
Bā shǔ
Sichuan
originally two provinces of Qin and Han
Qín
surname Qin
Qin dynasty (221-207 BC) of the first emperor 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3 huang2]
abbr. for 陝西|陕西[Shan3 xi1]
Xú Fú
Xu Fu (3rd century BC), Qin dynasty court necromancer
Wáng Měng
Wang Meng (325-375), prime minister to Fu Jian 苻堅|苻坚[Fu2 Jian1] of Former Qin 前秦[Qian2 Qin2]
qīn qīn
dear one
to kiss
friendly
Yí líng
Yiling (barbarian mound), historical place name in Yichang county 宜昌縣|宜昌县 Hubei, first mentioned in history (after its destruction by Qin) as burial place of the former Chu kings
Yiling district of Yichang city 宜昌市[Yi2 chang1 shi4], Hubei
Fǎ Jiā
Legalist School of Thought of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) founded by Han Fei 韓非|韩非[Hán Fēi] and Li Si 李斯[Lǐ Sī], later adopted by Shang Yang 商鞅[Shāng Yāng] whose reforms helped establish the supremacy of the Qin Dynasty 秦代[Qīn qài] (221-207 BC)
Cháng píng
Changping, place name in Gaoping County 高平縣|高平县, southern Shanxi, the scene of the great battle of 262-260 BC between Qin and Zhao
Qín Guó
Qin State, one of the seven states of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC)
Zhàn guó cè
"Strategies of the Warring States", chronicle of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), possibly written by Su Qin 蘇秦|苏秦[Su1 Qin2]
Shāng Yāng
Shang Yang (c. 390-338 BC), legalist philosopher and important statesman of Qin state 秦國|秦国 whose militaristic reforms in 356 and 350 BC played a key role in establishing Qin power
Méng Tián
Qin general Meng Tian (-210 BC), involved in 215 BC in fighting the Northern Xiongnu 匈奴 and building the great wall
qín sè
qin and se, two string instruments that play in perfect harmony
marital harmony
hú qin
huqin
family of Chinese two-stringed fiddles, with snakeskin covered wooden soundbox and bamboo bow with horsehair bowstring
Lián Pō
Lian Po (327-243 BC), famous general of Zhao 趙國|赵国, repeatedly victorious over Qin 秦國|秦国 and Qi 齊國|齐国
Jīng Kē
Jing Ke (-227 BC), celebrated in verse and fiction as would-be assassin of King Ying Zheng of Qin 秦嬴政 (later the First Emperor 秦始皇)
Qín dài
Qin dynasty (221-207 BC), founded by the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3 huang2], the first dynasty to rule the whole of China
Mèng jiāng nǚ
heroine of Qin dynasty 秦朝 folk tale, who searched for her husband, and whose tears broke down a stretch of the Great Wall to reveal his body
Lǚ shì chūn qiū
lit “Mr Lü's Spring and Autumn (Annals)”, compendium of the philosophies of the Hundred Schools of Thought諸子百家|诸子百家 [Zhū zǐ Bǎi Jiā], compiled around 239 BC under the patronage of Qin Dynasty 秦代[Qín Dài] Chancellor Lü Buwei.呂不韋|吕不韦[Lǚ Bù wéi]
xiǎo zhuàn
the small or lesser seal, the form of Chinese character standardized by the Qin dynasty
Qín ān
Qin'an county in Tianshui 天水[Tian1 shui3], Gansu
Qín jūn
the Qin army (model for the terracotta warriors)
Qīn Huì
Qin Hui (1090-1155 AD), Song Dynasty official said to have betrayed General Yue Fei 岳飛|岳飞[Yuè Fēi]
Qián Qín
Former Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (351-395)
Sū Qín
Su Qin (340-284 BC), political strategist of the School of Diplomacy 縱橫家|纵横家[Zong4 heng2 jia1] during the Warring States Period (475-220 BC)
Bái Qǐ
Bai Qi (-258 BC), famous general of Qin 秦國|秦国, the victor at 長平|长平 in 260 BC
same as 公孫起|公孙起
Qìn xiàn
Qin county in Changzhi 長治|长治[Chang2 zhi4], Shanxi
Hòu Qín
Later Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (384-417)
Lǚ Bù wéi
Lü Buwei (?291-235 BC), merchant and politician of the State of Qin 秦國|秦国[Qín Gúo], subsequent Qin Dynasty 秦代[Qín Dài] Chancellor, allegedly the father of Ying Zhen 嬴政[Yíng Zhèng], who subsequently became the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇[Qín Shǐ huáng]
Cháng píng zhī zhàn
battle of Changping of 260 BC, at which the Qin army 秦軍|秦军[Qin2 jun1] encircled and annihilated a Zhao army of 400,000
Qín mò
the end of the Qin dynasty 207 BC
Shāng Yāng biàn fǎ
Shang Yang's political reform of Qin state 秦國|秦国 of 356 BC and 350 BC, that put it on the road to world domination
Qín ān xiàn
Qin'an county in Tianshui 天水[Tian1 shui3], Gansu
duàn xián
widowed
lit. broken string, cf 琴瑟[qin2 se4] qin and se, two instruments epitomizing marital harmony
Xī Qín
Western Qin of the Sixteen Kingdoms (385-431)
Hán gǔ Guān
Hangu Pass in modern day Henan Province, strategic pass forming the eastern gate of the Qin State during the Warring States Period (770-221 BC)
Zòng héng Jiā
School of Diplomacy of the Warring States Period (475-221 BC) whose leading advocates were Su Qin 蘇秦|苏秦[Sū Qín] and Zhang Yi 張儀|张仪[Zhàng Yí]
chūn qiū wǔ bà
the Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn period (770-476 BC), namely: Duke Huan of Qi 齊桓公|齐桓公, Duke Wen of Jin 晉文公|晋文公, King Zhuang of Chu 楚莊王|楚庄王, and alternatively Duke Xiang of Song 宋襄公 and Duke Mu of Qin 楚莊王|楚庄王 or King Helu of Wu 吳王闔閭|吴王阖闾 and King Gou Jian of Yue 越王勾踐|越王勾践
dà zhuàn
the great seal
used narrowly for 籀文
used broadly for many pre-Qin scripts
Qín Mù gōng
Duke Mu of Qin, the first substantial king of Qin (ruled 659-621 BC), sometimes considered one of the Five Hegemons 春秋五霸
qín sè hé míng
in perfect harmony
in sync
lit. qin and se sing in harmony
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