Cáo Cāo
Cao Cao (155-220), famous statesman and general at the end of Han, noted poet and calligrapher, later warlord, founder and first king of Cao Wei 曹魏, father of Emperor Cao Pi 曹丕
the main villain of novel the Romance of Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义
Cáo Xuě qín
Cao Xueqin (c. 1715-c. 1764), accepted author of A Dream of Red Mansions 紅樓夢|红楼梦[Hong2 lou2 Meng4]
Gāo píng
Gaoping, city in 山西[Shan1 xi1]
Cao Bang, Vietnam
Wèi
surname Wei
name of vassal state of Zhou dynasty from 661 BC in Shanxi, one of the Seven Hero Warring States
Wei state, founded by Cao Cao 曹操, one of the Three Kingdoms from the fall of the Han
the Wei dynasty 221-265
Wei prefecture and Wei county at different historical periods
Cáo
surname Cao
Zhou Dynasty vassal state
Cáo Yú
Cao Yu (1910-1997), PRC dramatist
Sān guó yǎn yì
Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中|罗贯中[Lúo Guàn zhōng], one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature
a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, consistently portraying Liu Bei's Shu Han 劉備, 蜀漢|刘备, 蜀汉 as virtuous heroes and Cao Cao's Wei 曹操, 魏 as tyrannical villains
Hóng lóu mèng
A Dream of Red Mansions (first completed edition 1791) by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹, one of the four great novels
Wèi guó
Wei State (407-225 BC), one of the Seven Hero States of the Warring States 戰國七雄|战国七雄
Wei State or Cao Wei 曹魏 (220-265), the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms
shàng xià wǔ qiān nián
popular history of China in three volumes by Cao Yuzhang 曹余章
Cáo Pī
Cao Pi (187-226), second son of Cao Cao 曹操, king then emperor of Cao Wei 曹魏 from 220, ruled as Emperor Wen 魏文帝, also a noted calligrapher
Chì bì zhī zhàn
Battle of Redcliff of 208 at Chibi in Huangzhou district 黃州區|黄州区 of Huanggang city 黄冈, a decisive defeat of Cao Cao 曹操 at the hands of southern kingdom of Wu
famous episode in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义
Cáo Zhí
Cao Zhi (192-232), son of Cao Cao 曹操, noted poet and calligrapher
shēng shí huī
calcium oxide CaO
quicklime
Cáo xiàn
Cao county in Heze 菏澤|菏泽[He2 ze2], Shandong
Sī mǎ Yì
Sima Yi (179-251), warlord under Cao Cao and subsequently founder of the Jin dynasty
Páng Dé
Pang De (-219), general of Cao Wei at the start of the Three Kingdoms period, victor over Guan Yu 關羽|关羽
Pound (name)
Ezra Pound (1885-1972), American poet and translator
Cáo Wèi
Cao Wei, the most powerful of the Three Kingdoms, established as a dynasty in 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕, son of Cao Cao, replaced by Jin dynasty in 265
Guān dù zhī zhàn
battle of Guandu of 199 that established Cao Cao's 曹操 domination over north China, at Guandu (near modern 許昌|许昌[Xu3 chang1] in north Henan)
Xún Yù
Xun Yu (163-212), brilliant strategist, advisor of Cao Cao in Three Kingdoms
Hàn Xiàn dì
Emperor Xian of Han (181-234), the final Han emperor, set up by Dong Zhuo 董卓, reigned 189-220, forced to abdicate 220 by Cao Pi 曹丕
Chéng Yù
Cheng Yu (141-220), advisor to General Cao Cao 曹操 during the Three Kingdoms era
Wèi Wén dì
Cao Pi 曹丕, emperor of Wei 220-226
Sān Cáo
the Three Caos (Cao Cao 曹操 and his sons Cao Pi 曹丕 and Cao Zhi 曹植), who established the Wei or Cao Wei dynasty 曹魏, and were all three noted poets and calligraphers
Cáo Kūn
Cao Kun (1862-1938), one of the Northern Warlords
shēn zài Cáo yíng xīn zài Hàn
live in Cao camp but have the heart in Han camp (idiom.)
to be somewhere while longing to be somewhere else
Cáo Gāng chuān
Cao Gangchuan (1935-), former artillery officer, senior PRC politician and army leader
Zhōu Yú dǎ Huáng Gài
fig. with the connivance of both sides
fig. by mutual consent
cf Wu patriot Huang Gai submits to mock beating at the hands of General Zhou Yu to deceive Cao Cao 曹操 before the 208 battle of Redcliff 赤壁之戰|赤壁之战[Chi4 bi4 zhi1 zhan4]
Wáng Sù
Wang Su (c. 195-256), classical scholar of Cao Wei dynasty, believed to have forged several classical texts
shuō Cáo Cāo Cáo Cāo jiù dào
lit. speak of Cao Cao and Cao Cao arrives
fig. speak of the devil and he doth appear
Zhōng Yáo
Zhong Yao (151-230), minister of Cao Wei 曹魏 and noted calligrapher, said to have developed the regular script 楷书
Cáo Jìng huá
Cao Jinghua (1897-1987), translator from Russian, professor of Peking University and essayist
Cáo Bù xīng
Cao Buxing or Ts'ao Pu-hsing (active c. 210-250), famous semi-legendary painter, one of the Four Great Painters of the Six dynasties 六朝四大家
Cáo Yú zhāng
Cao Yuzhang (1924-), modern writer and publisher, author of narrative history 上下五千年
cháng bǎn pō qī jìn qī chū
famous scene in Romance of the Three Kingdoms in which Zhao Yun 趙雲|赵云 charges seven times through the ranks of Cao Cao's armies
liù cháo sì dà jiā
Four Great Painters of the Six dynasties, namely: Cao Buxing 曹不興|曹不兴, Gu Kaizhi 顧愷之|顾恺之, Lu Tanwei 陸探微|陆探微 and Zhang Sengyou 張僧繇|张僧繇
Xiāo guī Cáo suí
lit. Xiao's 蕭何|萧何[Xiao1 He2] governance followed by Cao 曹參|曹参[Cao2 Can1] (idiom)
fig. to strictly adhere to the policies of the predecessor
to follow precedent
Sān guó Yǎn yì
Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong 羅貫中|罗贯中[Luo2 Guan4 zhong1], one of the Four Classic Novels of Chinese literature
a fictional account of the Three Kingdoms at the break-up of the Han around 200 AD, consistently portraying Liu Bei's Shu Han 劉備, 蜀漢|刘备, 蜀汉 as virtuous heroes and Cao Cao's Wei 曹操, 魏 as tyrannical villains
Zhōng Yáo
Zhong Yao (151-230), minister of Cao Wei 曹魏[Cao2 Wei4] and noted calligrapher, said to have developed the regular script 楷書|楷书[kai3 shu1]
Sī mǎ Zhāo
Sima Zhao (211-265), military general and statesman of Cao Wei 曹魏[Cao2 Wei4]
Cáo Cān
Cao Can (-190 BC), second chancellor of Han Dynasty, contributed to its founding by fighting on Liu Bang's 劉邦|刘邦[Liu2 Bang1] side during the Chu-Han Contention 楚漢戰爭|楚汉战争[Chu3 Han4 Zhan4 zheng1]
also pr. [Cao2 Shen1]
Cáo Chōng
Cao Chong (196-208), son of Cao Cao 曹操[Cao2 Cao1]
Hàn zéi bù liǎng lì
lit. Shu Han 蜀漢|蜀汉[Shu3 Han4] and Cao Wei 曹魏[Cao2 Wei4] cannot coexist (idiom)
fig. two enemies cannot live under the same sky
(former KMT slogan against CPC) "gentlemen and thieves cannot coexist"
Hóng lóu Mèng
A Dream of Red Mansions (first completed edition 1791) by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹[Cao2 Xue3 qin2], one of the four great novels
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