| 阿 | ā | prefix used before monosyllabic names, kinship terms etc to indicate familiarity; used in transliteration; also pr. [a4] |
| Ā | abbr. for Afghanistan 阿富汗[A1 fu4 han4] | |
| ē | flatter | |
| 酋 | qiú | tribal chief |
| 名 | míng | name; noun (part of speech); place (e.g. among winners); famous; classifier for people |
| 商 | shāng | commerce; merchant; dealer; to consult; 2nd note in pentatonic scale; quotient (as in 智商[zhi4 shang1], intelligence quotient) |
| Shāng | Shang Dynasty (c. 1600-1046 BC); surname Shang | |