Zhōng
China
Chinese
surname Zhong
Zhōng huá
China (alternate formal name)
zì
letter
symbol
character
word
CL:個|个[ge4]
courtesy or style name traditionally given to males aged 20 in dynastic China
jiā
home
family
(polite) my (sister, uncle etc)
classifier for families or businesses
refers to the philosophical schools of pre-Han China
noun suffix for a specialist in some activity, such as a musician or revolutionary, corresponding to English -ist, -er, -ary or -ian
CL:個|个[ge4]
Qīng
Qing or Ch'ing dynasty of Imperial China (1644-1911)
surname Qing
Běi jīng
Beijing, capital of People's Republic of China
Peking
PRC government
Shàng hǎi
Shanghai municipality, central east China, abbr. to 滬|沪[Hu4]
Yuè
generic word for peoples or states of south China or south Asia at different historical periods
abbr. for Vietnam 越南
Zhōng huá Rén mín Gòng hé guó
People's Republic of China
tiān xià
land under heaven
the whole world
the whole of China
realm
rule
shǐ
history
annals
title of an official historian in ancient China
Běi jīng Shì
Beijing
capital of People's Republic of China
one of the four municipalities 直轄市|直辖市[zhi2 xia2 shi4]
Guǎng dōng
Guangdong province (Kwangtung) in south China, short name 粵|粤[Yue4], capital Guangzhou 廣州|广州
Shàng hǎi shì
Shanghai municipality in southeast China, abbr. 滬|沪
Jiāng sū
Jiangsu province (Kiangsu) in southeast China, abbr. 蘇|苏, capital Nanjing 南京
Tiān jīn
Tianjin, a municipality in northeast China, abbr. 津
Guǎng dōng shěng
Guangdong province (Kwangtung) in south China, short name 粵|粤[Yue4], capital Guangzhou 廣州|广州
Chéng dū
Chengdu subprovincial city and capital of Sichuan province 四川 in southwest China
Hé nán
Henan province (Honan) in central China, abbr. 豫, capital Zhengzhou 鄭州|郑州[Zheng4 zhou1]
Hú nán
Hunan province in south central China, abbr. 湘, capital Changsha 長沙|长沙[Chang2 sha1]
Sì chuān
Sichuan province (Szechuan) in southwest China, abbr. 川 or 蜀, capital Chengdu 成都
Hé nán shěng
Henan province (Honan) in central China, abbr. 豫[Yu4], capital Zhengzhou 鄭州|郑州[Zheng4 zhou1]
Shān dōng
Shandong province (Shantung) in northeast China, abbr. 魯|鲁, capital 濟南|济南
Zhè jiāng
Zhejiang province (Chekiang) in east China, abbr. 浙, capital Hangzhou 杭州
Nán jīng
Nanjing subprovincial city on the Changjiang, capital of Jiangsu province 江蘇|江苏
capital of China at different historical periods
Hé běi
Hebei province (Hopeh) in north China surrounding Beijing, short name 冀, capital Shijiazhuang 石家莊|石家庄[Shi2 jia1 zhuang1]
Hú běi
Hubei Province (Hupeh) in central China, abbr. 鄂[E4], capital Wuhan 武漢|武汉[Wu3 han4]
bó shì
doctor
court academician (in feudal China)
Ph.D.
Fú jiàn
Fujian province (Fukien) in east China, abbr. 福 or 閩|闽, capital Fuzhou 福州
Fujian province (Fukien) in Taiwan
Shān xī
Shanxi province (Shansi) in north China between Hebei and Shaanxi, abbr. 晋 capital Taiyuan 太原
Zhè jiāng shěng
Zhejiang province (Chekiang) in east China, abbr. 浙, capital Hangzhou 杭州
Háng zhōu
Hangzhou subprovincial city and capital of Zhejiang province in southeast China
Jí lín
Jilin province (Kirin) in northeast China, abbr. 吉, capital 長春|长春
also Jilin prefecture level city, Jilin province
Liáo níng
Liaoning province in northeast China, short name 遼|辽[Liao2], capital Shenyang 瀋陽|沈阳[Shen3 yang2]
Ān huī
Anhui Province (Anhwei) in south central China, abbr. 皖[Wan3], capital Hefei 合肥[He2 fei2]
Xī ān
Xi'an, sub-provincial city and capital of Shaanxi 陝西省|陕西省[Shan3 xi1 Sheng3] in northwest China
see 西安區|西安区[Xi1 an1 qu1]
Jiǔ zhōu
division of China during earliest dynasties
fig. ancient China
Kyūshū, southernmost of Japan's four major islands
Shǎn xī
Shaanxi province (Shensi) in northwest China, abbr. 陝|陕[Shan3], capital Xi’an 西安市[Xi1 an1 Shi4]
Jiāng xī
Jiangxi province (Kiangsi) in southeast China, abbr. 赣, capital Nanchang 南昌
Jiāng sū shěng
Jiangsu province (Kiangsu) in southwest China, abbr. 蘇|苏, capital Nanjing 南京
Zhè
abbr. for Zhejiang 浙江 province in east China
Shān dōng shěng
Shandong province (Shantung) in northeast China, abbr. 魯|鲁, capital Ji'nan 濟南|济南
Hēi lóng jiāng
Heilongjiang province (Heilungkiang) in northeast China, abbr. 黑, capital Harbin 哈尔滨
Heilongjiang river forming the border between northeast China and Russia
Amur river
Yún nán
Yunnan province in southwest China, bordering on Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar, abbr. 滇[dian1] or 雲|云, capital Kunming 昆明
Qīng hǎi
Qinghai province (Tsinghai) in west China, abbr. 青, capital Xining 西寧|西宁
Guǎng xī
Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region 廣西壯族自治區|广西壮族自治区 (Zhuang: Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih) in southwest China on the border with Vietnam, abbr. 桂, capital Nanning 南寧|南宁
until 1959, Guangxi province
Shěn yáng
Shenyang subprovincial city and capital of Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
old names include Fengtian 奉天, Shengjing 盛京 and Mukden
Hǎi nán
Hainan Province, in the South China Sea, short name 瓊|琼[Qiong2], capital Haikou 海口
Hainan Island
Hainan District of Wuhai City 烏海市|乌海市[Wu1 hai3 Shi4], Inner Mongolia
Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture 海南藏族自治州[Hai3 nan2 Zang4 zu2 Zi4 zhi4 zhou1], Qinghai
Guì zhōu
Guizhou province (Kweichow) in south central China, abbr. to 黔[Qian2] or 貴|贵[Gui4], capital Guiyang 貴陽|贵阳[Gui4 yang2]
Zhèng zhōu
Zhengzhou prefecture level city and capital of Henan Province in central China
Dà lián
Dalian subprovincial city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Jǐ nán
Ji'nan, subprovincial city and capital of Shandong province in northeast China
Cháng shā
Changsha prefecture level city and capital of Hunan province in south central China
Huí zú
Hui Islamic ethnic group living across China
guó chǎn
made in one's own country
made in China
huáng tǔ
loess (yellow sandy soil typical of north China)
Qīng mò
the final years of the Ch'ing or Qing dynasty
China at the turn of the 20th century
Cháng chūn
Changchun subprovincial city and capital of Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Chén Shuǐ biǎn
Chen Shui-Bian (1950-), Taiwanese DPP 民進黨|民进党 politician, President of the Republic of China 2000-2008
Fú zhōu
Fuzhou prefecture level city and capital of Fujian province in east China
formerly known as Foochow or Fuchow
Kūn míng
Kunming prefecture level city and capital of Yunnan province in southwest China
Hā ěr bīn
Harbin, subprovincial city and capital of Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Xiāng
abbr. for Hunan 湖南 province in south central China
abbr. for Xiangjiang river in Hunan province
Shí jiā zhuāng
Shijiazhuang prefecture level city and capital of Hebei Province 河北省[He2 bei3 Sheng3] in north China
yāng shì
China Central Television (CCTV), abbr. for 中國中央電視台|中国中央电视台[zhōng gúo zhōng yāng diàn shì tái]
Wú
surname Wu
area comprising southern Jiangsu, northern Zhejiang and Shanghai
name of states in Southern China at different historical periods
Yù
abbr. for Henan province 河南 in central China
Nán chāng
Nanchang prefecture level city and capital of Jiangxi province 江西省 in southeast China
also Nanchang county
Dà dū
Dadu, capital of China during the Yuan Dynasty (1280-1368), modern day Beijing
Hé féi
Hefei, capital of Anhui Province 安徽省[An1 hui1 Sheng3] in south central China
È
abbr. for Hubei Province 湖北省[Hu2 bei3 Sheng3] in central China
surname E
guó chǐ
national humiliation, refers to Japanese incursions into China in the 1930s and 40s, and more especially to Mukden railway incident of 18th September 1931 九一八事變|九一八事变 and subsequent Japanese annexation of Manchuria
Xīn dǎng
New Party (Republic of China)
shǔ
abbr. for Sichuan 四川 province in southwest China
one of the Three Kingdoms after the fall of the Han dynasty
zhá
thin piece of wood used a writing tablet (in ancient China)
a kind of official document (in former times)
letter
note
pēng
cooking method
to boil sb alive (capital punishment in imperial China)
bīng jiā
military strategist in ancient China
military commander
soldier
Nán níng
Nanning prefecture level city and capital of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region in south China 廣西壯族自治區|广西壮族自治区
Zhuang: Namzningz
Huái hé
Huaihe River, a main river of east China, between the Yellow River 黄河 and the Changjiang 長江|长江
zhuāng
farmstead
village
manor
place of business
banker (in a gambling game)
grave or solemn
holdings of a landlord (in imperial China)
běi fāng
north
the northern part a country
China north of the Yellow River
jiā
cangue (wooden collar like stocks used to restrain and punish criminals in China)
Tiān jīn shì
Tianjin, a municipality in northeast China, abbr. 津
hóng yàn
(bird species of China) swan goose (Anser cygnoides)
Yáo zú
Yao ethnic group of southwest China and southeast Asia
Sōng yuán
Songyuan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Tài yuán
Taiyuan prefecture level city and capital of Shanxi province 山西省 in central north China
Cháo yáng
Chaoyang district in east and northeast Beijing, a county level district of Beijing municipality
Chaoyang prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Chaoyang district of Changchun city 長春市|长春市, Jilin
Chaoyang county in Chaoyang 朝陽|朝阳, Liaoning
jǐng tián
the well-field system of ancient China
Zhōng Xī
China and the West
Chinese-Western
Dà xīng ān lǐng
Daxing'anling mountain range in northwest Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Daxing'anling prefecture
Mā zǔ
Matsu, name of a sea goddess still widely worshipped on the SE China coast and in SE Asia
Hēi hé
Heihe prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Liáo hé
Liao river of northeast China, passing through Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Jilin and Liaoning
zǎi xiàng
prime minister (in feudal China)
Yún nán shěng
Yunnan province in southwest China, bordering on Vietnam, Laos and Myanmar, abbr. 滇 or 雲|云, capital Kunming 昆明
bái hè
(bird species of China) Siberian crane (Grus leucogeranus)
Zhōng Nán
Central South (Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan)
abbr. for China-South Africa
Wú Yuè
states of south China in different historical periods
proverbially perpetual arch-enemies
Bái shān
Baishan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Huáng dì
Yellow Emperor, mythological emperor of China, reigned c. 2697-2597 BC
xǐ què
(bird species of China) Eurasian magpie (Pica pica)
yí
non-Han people, esp. to the East of China
barbarians
to wipe out
to exterminate
to tear down
to raze
zǎi
to slaughter livestock
to govern or rule
to cheat customers
imperial official in dynastic China
dài yè
to await job assignment (term used only in mainland China)
wàn nián lì
perpetual calendar
ten thousand year calendar
Islamic calendar introduced to Yuan China by Jamal al-Din 紮馬剌丁|扎马剌丁
tài bǎo
a very high official in ancient China
juvenile delinquents
diān
abbr. for Yunnan province 雲南|云南 in southwest China
mò
ink stick
China ink
CL:塊|块[kuai4]
corporal punishment consisting of tattooing characters on the victim's forehead
Dà Qiáo
Da Qiao, one of the Two Qiaos, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4], the two great beauties of ancient China
Miáo zú
Hmong or Miao ethnic group of southwest China
Mǎ Yīng jiǔ
Ma Ying-jeou (1950-), Taiwanese Kuomintang politician, Mayor of Taipei 1998-2006, President of Republic of China 2008-2016
Suí huà
Suihua prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Zhū hǎi
Zhuhai prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Nán Huá
South China
Nanhua county in Chuxiong Yi autonomous prefecture 楚雄彞族自治州|楚雄彝族自治州[Chu3 xiong2 Yi2 zu2 zi4 zhi4 zhou1], Yunnan
zhì zǐ
proton (positively charged nuclear particle)
a prince sent to be held as a hostage in a neighbouring state in ancient China
shān
China fir
Cunninghamia lanceolata
also pr. [sha1]
Sì chuān shěng
Sichuan province (Szechuan) in southwest China, abbr. 川 or 蜀, capital Chengdu 成都
Bái chéng
Baicheng prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Yún fú
Yunfu prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Lǐ Kāi fù
Lee Kai-Fu (1961-), Taiwanese computer scientist and IT executive, from 2005 Vice president of Google and president of Google China
Shuāng yā shān
Shuangyashan prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Liáo yuán
Liaoyuan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
dū dū
(army) commander-in-chief (archaic)
provincial military governor and civil administrator during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD)
dà chéng
Mahayana, the Great Vehicle
Buddhism based on the Mayahana sutras, as spread to Central Asia, China and beyond
liáo
abbr. for Liaoning 遼寧|辽宁 province in northeast China
Liao or Khitan dynasty (907-1125)
Lián tōng
China United Telecommunications Corporation
aka China Unicom or Unicom
abbr. for 中國聯通|中国联通
Miáo
Hmong or Miao ethnic group of southwest China
surname Miao
Yán biān
Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture 延邊朝鮮族自治州|延边朝鲜族自治州 in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China, capital Yanji city 延吉市
Sūn zǐ
Sun Tzu, also known as Sun Wu 孫武|孙武[Sun1 Wu3] (c. 500 BC, dates of birth and death uncertain), general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period (700-475 BC), believed to be the author of the “Art of War” 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sun1 zi3 Bing1 fa3], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
Zhī nà
phonetic transcription of China (Japanese: Shina), colonial term, generally considered discriminatory
Hēi lóng jiāng shěng
Heilongjiang province (Heilungkiang) in northeast China, abbr. 黑, capital Harbin 哈尔滨
Jiā mù sī
Kiamusze or Jiamusi prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Sì píng
Siping prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Jī xī
Jixi prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
bái lù
(bird species of China) little egret (Egretta garzetta)
Qí qí hā ěr
Qiqihar prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Guān dōng
Northeast China
Manchuria
lit. east of Shanhai Pass 山海關|山海关[Shan1 hai3 guan1]
Kantō region of Japan
Hé běi shěng
Hebei province (Hopeh) in north China surrounding Beijing, abbr. 冀, capital Shijiazhuang 石家庄
Hóng hé
Honghe county in Honghe Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture, Yunnan
Red River in China
Northern Vietnam
diàn
suburbs or outskirts
one of the five degrees of official mourning attire in dynastic China
official in charge of fields (old)
Lǐng nán
south of the five ranges
old term for south China, esp. Guangdong and Guangxi
Mǔ dan jiāng
Mudanjiang prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Kè jiā
Hakka ethnic group (Han Chinese migrants from north to south China)
Wū lǔ mù qí
Ürümqi or Urumqi prefecture level city and capital of Xinjiang Uighur autonomous region 新疆維吾爾自治區|新疆维吾尔自治区 in west China
Tōng huà
Tonghua prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
also Tonghua county
hǎi ōu
(bird species of China) mew gull (Larus canus)
Xīn sì jūn
New Fourth army of Republic of China, set up in 1937 and controlled by the communists
yá men
government office in feudal China
yamen
Zhōng yuǎn
abbr. for 中遠集團|中远集团[Zhong1 yuan3 Ji2 tuan2], COSCO (China Ocean Shipping Company)
zhōng yuán
the central plains of China
the middle and lower regions of the Yellow river, including Henan, western Shandong, southern Shanxi and Hebei
a plain
bā gē
(bird species of China) crested myna (Acridotheres cristatellus)
Gān sù shěng
Gansu province (Kansu) between Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia in north China, abbr. 隴|陇[Lǒng] or 甘[gān], capital Lanzhou 蘭州|兰州[Lán zhōu]
Dà qìng
Daqing prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Jiǎng Jiè shí
Chiang Kai-shek (1887-1975), military leader, head of the Nationalist government in China 1928-1949 and the government in exile on Taiwan 1950-1975
cí
chinaware
porcelain
china
bǎo gāng
Baosteel, China's largest steel maker
Xī níng
Xining prefecture level city and capital of Qinghai province 青海省[Qing1 hai3 sheng3] in west China
wǎng tōng
China Network Communications (CNC) Group Corporation (one of China's large telephone companies)
chén
state official or subject in dynastic China
I, your servant (used in addressing the sovereign)
Kangxi radical 131
Tiě lǐng
Tieling prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
also Tieling county
Guó Háng
Air China
abbr. for 中國國際航空公司|中国国际航空公司[Zhong1 guo2 Guo2 ji4 Hang2 kong1 Gong1 si1]
Liáo yáng
Liaoyang prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Hú běi shěng
Hubei province (Hupeh) in central China, abbr. 鄂, capital Wuhan 武漢|武汉
Zhèng zhōu shì
Zhengzhou prefecture level city and capital of Henan Province in central China
Cháng ān
Chang'an (ancient name of Xi'an 西安[Xi1 an1]) capital of China during Tang Dynasty 唐朝[Tang2 chao2]
now 長安區|长安区[Chang2 an1 Qu1], a district of Xi'an
Běn xī
Benxi prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
wài qǐ
foreign enterprise
company established in mainland China with direct investment from foreign entities or from investors in Taiwan, Macao or Hong Kong
abbr. for 外資企業|外资企业
Yuè yáng lóu
Yueyang tower, famous beauty spot in Yueyang, north Hunan 湖南岳阳, overlooking Dongting lake 洞庭湖
one of three famous pagodas in China along with Yellow crane tower 黄鹤楼 in Wuhan, Hubei 湖北武汉 and Tengwang tower 滕王阁 in Nanchang, Jiangxi 江西南昌
Huá xià
old name for China
Cathay
Yuán Shì kǎi
Yuan Shikai (1859-1916), senior general of late Qing, subsequently warlord and self-proclaimed emperor of China
gōng háng
ICBC (Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)
abbr. for 工商銀行|工商银行
Dān dōng
Dandong prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Yíng kǒu
Yingkou prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Mín guó
Republic of China (1912-1949)
used instead of reign name by the nationalist government, then by Taiwan
used in PRC as reign name of a former dynasty
Pán jǐn
Panjin prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Jǐ nán shì
Ji'nan subprovincial city and capital of Shandong province in northeast China
Fǔ shùn
Fushun prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
also Fushun county
Yáo
Yao ethnic group of southwest China and southeast Asia
surname Yao
Jǐn zhōu
Jinzhou prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhàn jiāng
Zhanjiang prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Cháng shā shì
Changsha prefecture level city and capital of Hunan province in south central China
Guǎng xī Zhuàng zú zì zhì qū
Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region (Zhuang: Gvangjsih Bouxcuengh Swcigih) in southwest China on the border with Vietnam, abbr. 桂, capital Nanning 南寧|南宁
until 1959, Guangxi province
Tiān cháo
Celestial Empire, tributary title conferred on imperial China
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Zhōng yín
Bank of China
abbr. for 中國銀行|中国银行
Wén lián
abbr. for 中國文學藝術界聯合會|中国文学艺术界联合会, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (CFLAC)
Cháng chūn shì
Changchun subprovincial city and capital of Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
guāng dà
splendid
magnificent
abbr. for 中國光大銀行|中国光大银行[Zhong1 guo2 Guang1 da4 Yin2 hang2], China Everbright Bank
Hā ěr bīn shì
Harbin, subprovincial city and capital of Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
hé
raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
raccoon of North China, Korea and Japan (Japanese: tanuki)
also pr. [hao2]
Ān shān
Anshan prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhào qìng
Zhaoqing prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Shí jiā zhuāng shì
Shijiazhuang prefecture level city and capital of Hebei province 河北省 in north China
Wū lǔ mù qí shì
Ürümqi or Urumqi prefecture level city and capital of Xinjiang Uighur autonomous region 新疆維吾爾自治區|新疆维吾尔自治区 in west China
Tài hú
Taihu lake near Wuxi City 無錫|无锡, bordering on Jiangsu and Zhejiang, one of China's largest fresh water lakes, currently heavily polluted
jìn yān
to ban smoking
to quit smoking
to prohibit cooking
prohibition on opium (esp. in China from 1729)
Lán zhōu shì
Lanzhou prefecture level city and capital of Gansu province 甘肅 in north central China
Fú jiàn shěng
Fujian province (Fukien) in east China, abbr. 閩|闽, capital Fuzhou 福州
Fujian province (Fukien) in Taiwan
Zhōng guó Zhèng Jiàn Huì
China securities regulatory commission CSRC
abbr. for 中國證券監督管理委員會|中国证券监督管理委员会
Sūn Zhōng shān
Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Guomintang 國民黨|国民党
same as 孫逸仙|孙逸仙
Lú gōu qiáo
Lugou bridge or Marco Polo bridge in southwest of Beijing, the scene of the incident of 7th July 1937 that sparked WW2 between Japan and China
Lǐ Jìng
Li Jing (570-649 AD), Tang Dynasty general and purported author of "Duke Li of Wei Answering Emperor Taizong of Tang" 唐太宗李衛公問對|唐太宗李卫公问对[Tang2 Tai4 zong1 Li3 Wei4 Gong1 Wen4 dui4], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
Hú nán shěng
Hunan province in south central China, abbr. 湘, capital Changsha 長沙|长沙
Guǎng xī shěng
Guangxi province in south China
since 1959, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region 廣西壯族自治區|广西壮族自治区, location of the Zhuang ethnic group, abbr. 桂, capital Nanning 南寧|南宁
xiǎo tiān é
(bird species of China) tundra swan (Cygnus columbianus)
Hè gǎng
Hegang prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
zhù huá
stationed in China
located in China
Xī níng shì
Xining prefecture level city and capital of Qinghai province 青海省[Qing1 hai3 sheng3] in west China
yuán
plateau, esp. Loess Plateau of northwest China 黃土高原|黄土高原[Huang2 tu3 Gao1 yuan2]
shí zhú
China pink
Dianthus chinensis (botany)
huáng tǔ gāo yuán
loess plateau of northwest China
qīn Huá
to invade China (referring to 19th century imperialist powers and Japan)
Dà qìng shì
Daqing prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
liǎng àn sān dì
China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau (media term used esp. since 1997)
Qì dān
Qidan or Khitan, ethnic group in ancient China, a branch of the Eastern Hu people inhabiting the valley of the Xar Murun River in the upper reaches of the Liao River 遼河|辽河[Liao2 He2]
Huá shāng chén bào
China business morning post (morning edition of China business news 華商報|华商报)
zhōng guó guó jì guǎng bō diàn tái
China Radio International
CRI
zài Huá
within China
during one's visit to China
Zhōng guó yí dòng tōng xìn
China Mobile (PRC state telecommunications company)
Zhōng Ōu
China-Europe (e.g. trading relations)
Central Europe
Sī nuò
Snow (name)
Edgar Snow (1905-1972), American journalist, reported from China 1928-1941, author of Red Star Over China
Zhōng guó Jiào yù hé Kē yán Jì suàn jī wǎng
China Education and Research Network (CERNET)
abbr. to 中國教育網|中国教育网[Zhōng gúo Jiào yù wǎng]
Zhōng Gǎng Tái
China, Hong Kong and Taiwan (abbr.)
duì Huá
(policy etc) towards China
Dān dōng shì
Dandong prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Jǐn zhōu shì
Jinzhou prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
dǎng dài huì
party congress (of the Communist Party of China)
guó wù wěi yuán
member of State Council (in China)
zhèng jiàn huì
China securities regulatory commission CSRC
abbr. for 中國證券監督管理委員會|中国证券监督管理委员会
Xiǎo Qiáo
Xiao Qiao, one of the Two Qiaos, according to Romance of the Three Kingdoms 三國演義|三国演义[San1 guo2 Yan3 yi4], the two great beauties of ancient China
Cháo xiǎn zú
Korean ethnic group in China (mainly in northeast China)
the Koreans (major ethnic group on the Korean Peninsula)
Mǎ kě Bō luó
Marco Polo (1254-c. 1324), Venetian trader and explorer who traveled the Silk road to China, author of Il Milione (Travels of Marco Polo)
Zhōng guó Dì zhì Dà xué
China University of Geosciences
jīn zhēn gū
enoki mushroom (Flammulina velutipes, Japanese えのき茸 enokitake), used in cuisines of Japan, Korea and China, cultivated to be long, thin and white
abbr. to 金菇
dà Zhōng huá qū
greater China
refers to China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau (esp. in finance and economics)
refers to all areas of Chinese presence (esp. in the cultural field), including parts of Southeast Asia, Europe and the Americas
lái huá
to come to China
to settle in China (of a foreign national)
Là bǐ Xiǎo xīn
Crayon Shin-chan (クレヨンしんちゃん), Japanese manga and anime series popular in China
shā chén
sand
sandstorm (common in spring in north China)
Kàng Rì Zhàn zhēng
(China's) War of Resistance against Japan (1937-1945)
kǎo shì yuàn
Examination yuan, the qualification and appointment board under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
exam board
Rì běn guǐ zi
Japanese devil (common term of abuse in wartime China and in subsequent writing)
Guó jiā diàn wǎng gōng sī
State Grid Corporation of China
Xíng Bù
Ministry of Justice in Imperial China
Sōng yuán shì
Songyuan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Ān huī shěng
Anhui province (Anhwei) in south central China, abbr. 皖, capital Hefei 合肥
huì yào
dynastic records of imperial China
zhōng guó jīng yíng bào
China Business (a Beijing newspaper)
Zhōu Xiǎo chuān
Zhou Xiaochuan (1948-), PRC banker and politician, governor of People's Bank of China 中國人民銀行|中国人民银行[Zhong1 guo2 Ren2 min2 Yin2 hang2] from 2002
Qīng mò Mín chū
the late Qing and early Republic, i.e. China around 1911
Huá nán Lǐ gōng Dà xué
South China University of Technology
Zhōng dū
Zhongdu, capital of China during the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234), modern day Beijing
Zhōng guó rén dà
China National People's Congress
Zhōng guó zhèng fǎ dà xué
China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, with undergraduate campus at Changping 昌平[Chāng píng], and graduate campus in Haidian district 海澱區|海淀区[Hǎi diàn qū]
Zhōng guó zhèng quàn jiān dū guǎn lǐ wěi yuán huì
China securities regulatory commission CSRC
abbr. 証監會|证监会
Mǔ dan jiāng shì
Mudanjiang prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Bái shān shì
Baishan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Měng gǔ zú
Mongol ethnic group of north China and Inner Mongolia
Zhōng shí huà
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec
abbr. for 中國石油化工股份有限公司|中国石油化工股份有限公司
Guǎng Jiāo Huì
China Export Commodities Fair also known as the Canton Fair
Qí qí hā ěr shì
Qiqihar prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
jìn dài shǐ
modern history (for China, from the Opium Wars until the fall of the Qing Dynasty, i.e. mid-19th to early 20th century)
Sūn zǐ Bīng Fǎ
”Art of War”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wǔ jīng Qī Shū], written by Sun Tzu 孫子|孙子[Sūn zǐ]
Huá dōng Lǐ gōng Dà xué
East China University of Science and Technology
Tóng lǐ
Tongli, a city in Jiangsu Province, China
Zhōng Cháo
Sino-Korean
China and North Korea
Zhōng guó chǎn
made in China
home-grown (talent)
Zhōng Fǎ
China-France (cooperation)
Sino-French
quán yùn huì
all-China national games
abbr. for 全國運動會|全国运动会[quán gúo yùn dòng hùi]
Fù xīn shì
Fuxin prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Cài Yīng wén
Tsai Ing-wen (1956-), Taiwanese DPP politician, president of the Republic of China from 2016
fàn zhū sān jiǎo
Pan-Pearl River delta
The nine provinces of Southern China around Guangzhou and the Pearl River delta
South China
Běn xī shì
Benxi prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Yíng kǒu shì
Yingkou prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Huá dōng Shī fàn Dà xué
East China Normal University (ECNU)
Zhōng Bā
China-Pakistan (relations)
China-Bahamas
lì fǎ yuàn
Legislative yuan, the legislative branch of government under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
guó xīn bàn
State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China
abbr. for 國務院新聞辦公室|国务院新闻办公室[Gúo wù yuàn Xīn wén Bàn gōng shì]
Zhōng guó Nóng yè Yín háng
Agricultural Bank of China
Zhōng shì
China TV (Taiwan), CTV
abbr. for 中國電視公司|中国电视公司
mín zú zhǔ yì
nationalism
national self-determination
principle of nationalism, the first of Dr Sun Yat-sen's 孫中山|孙中山 Three principles of the people 三民主義|三民主义 (at the time, meaning parity between China and the great powers)
racism
Ōu pò lái
Aupres, Shiseido's line in China
sì dà měi nǚ
Four legendary beauties of ancient China, namely: Xi Shi 西施, Wang Zhaojun 王昭君, Diaochan 貂蟬|貂蝉 and Yang Yuhuan 楊玉環|杨玉环 or Yang Guifei 楊貴妃|杨贵妃
Fǔ shùn shì
Fushun prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhōng Fēi
China-Africa (relations)
Central Africa
Central African Republic
Huáng hè lóu
Yellow crane tower in Wuhan city, built in 223, burnt down in 1884, rebuilt in 1985
favored place of poet sages, who in legend arrived riding golden cranes
Tang poem by Cui Hao 崔顥|崔颢, with theme the past will never return
one of three famous pagodas in China along with Yueyang tower 岳阳楼 in Yueyang, north Hunan 湖南岳阳 and Tengwang tower 滕王阁 in Nanchang, Jiangxi 江西南昌
Zhōng guó Qì xiàng jú
China Meteorological Administration (CMA)
Jiàn háng
China Construction Bank (abbr.)
Fù xīn
Fuxin prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
méng niú
China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited
Qín qiāng
Qinqiang, an opera style popular in northwest China, possibly originating in Ming dynasty folk music
Shanxi opera
Zhōng guó Rén mín Dà xué
Renmin University of China
Zhōng guó Rì bào
China Daily (an English language newspaper)
wǎn Qīng
the late Qing
late 19th and early 20th century China
rén mín yín háng
the People's bank of China
Zhōng Ào
China-Australia (relations)
Qīng hǎi shěng
Qinghai province (Tsinghai) in west China, abbr. 青, capital Xining 西寧|西宁
Guó wù yuàn Xīn wén Bàn gōng shì
State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China
Pán jǐn shì
Panjin prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Liáo yáng shì
Liaoyang prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
zhòng yóu
CNPC, China National Petroleum Corporation (abbr.)
zhōng hǎi yóu
China National Offshore Oil Corporation
Ān shān shì
Anshan prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhōng guó Qīng nián bào
China Youth Daily, www.cyol.net
zhōng yāng diàn shì tái
China Central Television (CCTV), PRC state TV network
Nán níng shì
Nanning prefecture level city and capital of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region in south China 廣西壯族自治區|广西壮族自治区
Zhuang: Namzningz
Zhàn jiāng shì
Zhanjiang prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Zhōng guó Gōng shāng Yín háng
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)
hé xiè
river crab
Internet censorship (pun on "harmonious" 和諧|和谐[he2 xie2], which is blocked by the great firewall of China)
Gōng Bù
Ministry of Works (in imperial China)
Huá rùn wàn jiā
CR Vanguard or China Resources Vanguard Shop, a supermarket chain in Hong Kong and Mainland China
Tài yuán shì
Taiyuan prefecture level city and capital of Shanxi province 山西省 in central north China
Kūn míng shì
Kunming, prefecture-level city and capital of Yunnan province in southwest China
Huā guǒ Shān
Mount Huaguo in Jiangsu, featured in 西遊記|西游记[Xi1 you2 Ji4], tourist destination
(also the name of mountains in other parts of China)
Zhōng guó shí huà
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec
běi dà huāng
the Great Northern Wilderness (in Northern China)
Gǎng lóng
Hong Kong Dragon Airlines (Dragon Air), Hong Kong and South China airline
abbr. of 港龍航空|港龙航空
Hú lú dǎo
Huludao prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Jí lín shěng
Jilin province (Kirin) in northeast China, abbr. 吉, capital Changchun 長春|长春
Nán chāng shì
Nanchang prefecture level city and capital of Jiangxi province 江西省 in southeast China
Zhào qìng shì
Zhaoqing prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Zhōng guó Yóu zhèng
China Post (Chinese postal service)
Hǎi nán dǎo
Hainan Island in South China Sea
Jí lín shì
Jilin prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Hù Bù
Ministry of Revenue in Imperial China
Fú zhōu shì
Fuzhou prefecture level city and capital of Fujian province in east China
formerly known as Foochow or Fuchow
Wú guó
Wu state (in south China, in different historical periods)
Wu state 220-280, founded by Sun Quan 孫權|孙权 the southernmost of the three Kingdoms
Yún fú shì
Yunfu prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Huá shāng bào
China business news (newspaper)
Huà shì
China TV (Taiwan), CTS
abbr. for 中華電視|中华电视
Xīn luó
Silla, Korean kingdom 57 BC-935 AD
one of the Korean Three Kingdoms from 1st century AD, defeating its rivals Paikche 百濟|百济[Bai3 ji4] and Koguryo 高句麗|高句丽[Gao1 gou1 li2] around 660 in alliance with Tang China
unified Silla 658-935
zhōng guó zhōng yāng diàn shì tái
China Central Television (CCTV), PRC state TV network
zhèn dàn
ancient Indian name for China
Cháo yáng shì
Chaoyang prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhū hǎi shì
Zhuhai prefecture level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China
Tiě lǐng shì
Tieling prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhōng xīn shè
China News Service (CNS), abbr. for 中國新聞社|中国新闻社
Diàn zǐ Kē jì Dà xué
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Bīng Bù
Ministry of War in Imperial China
Hé féi shì
Hefei, capital of Anhui Province 安徽省[An1 hui1 Sheng3] in south central China
Shěn yáng shì
Shenyang subprovincial city and capital of Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
old names include Fengtian 奉天, Shengjing 盛京 and Mukden
Shěn yáng shì
Shenyang prefecture level city and capital of Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
old names include Fengtian 奉天, Shengjing 盛京 and Mukden
Xīn Huá shū diàn
Xinhua (New China) bookstore
Zhōng guó dì zhèn jú
China earthquake administration (CEA)
State seismological bureau
Xī ān shì
Xi'an city, subprovincial city and capital of Shaanxi 陝西省|陕西省[Shǎn xī shěng] in northwest China
Liáo níng shěng
Liaoning province in northeast China, short name 遼|辽[Liao2], capital Shenyang 瀋陽|沈阳[Shen3 yang2]
Jiā mù sī shì
Kiamusze or Jiamusi prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Zhōng shān shì
Zhongshan prefecture-level city in Guangdong province 廣東省|广东省[Guang3 dong1 sheng3] in south China, close to Dr Sun Yat-sen's birthplace
Hú lú dǎo shì
Huludao prefecture level city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
Zhōng guó guó jì mào yì cù jìn wěi yuán huì
China Council for the Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT)
Shān xī shěng
Shanxi province (Shansi) in north China between Hebei and Shaanxi, abbr. 晋 capital Taiyuan 太原
Hǎi nán Shěng
Hainan Province, in South China Sea, abbr. 瓊|琼[Qiong2], capital Haikou 海口
Yī chūn shì
Yichun prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
jīn zhuān sì guó
Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC)
zhōng qīng
China Youth (official newspaper)
abbr. for 中国青年报
Sì píng shì
Siping prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Guì zhōu shěng
Guizhou province (Kweichow) in south central China, abbr. to 黔[Qian2] or 貴|贵[Gui4], capital Guiyang 貴陽|贵阳[Gui4 yang2]
shàng xià wǔ qiān nián
popular history of China in three volumes by Cao Yuzhang 曹余章
Shǎn xī shěng
Shaanxi province (Shensi) in northwest China, abbr. 陝|陕, capital Xi'an 西安[Xī ān]
Yè láng
small barbarian kingdom in southern China during the Han dynasty
Tōng huà shì
Tonghua prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
Mín Méng
China Democratic League (political party)
abbr. for 中國民主同盟|中国民主同盟
Zhōng xīn wǎng
ChinaNews (China News Service)
Dà lián shì
Dalian subprovincial city in Liaoning province 遼寧省|辽宁省 in northeast China
qún zhòng lù xiàn
The Mass Line, Communist Party of China (CPC) policy aimed at broadening and cultivating contacts with the masses
Chéng dū shì
Chengdu subprovincial city and capital of Sichuan province 四川 in southwest China
Zhōng guó Měi shù guǎn
China National Art Gallery
fān qiáng
lit. to climb over the wall
fig. to breach the Great Firewall of China
yún què
(bird species of China) Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis)
Jiāng xī shěng
Jiangxi province (Kiangsi) in southeast China, abbr. 赣, capital Nanchang 南昌
Zhōng guó xīn wén wǎng
China News Service (ChinaNews)
Qīng tíng
the Qing court (as government of China)
Nán jīng shì
Nanjing subprovincial city on the Changjiang, capital of Jiangsu province 江蘇|江苏
capital of China at different historical periods
fēi hǔ duì
Flying Tigers, US airmen in China during World War Two
Hong Kong nickname for police special duties unit
Jī xī shì
Jixi prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Háng zhōu shì
Hangzhou subprovincial city and capital of Zhejiang province in southeast China
Xī kāng
historic province of Tibet in Kham region and west Sichuan, a province of Republic of China 1928-49 with capital Ya'an 雅安[Ya3 an1]
xíng zhèng yuàn
Executive yuan, the executive branch of government under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
guó huā
national flower (emblem, e.g. peony 牡丹[mu3 dan1] in China)
Wài jiāo Xué yuàn
China Foreign Affairs University
hòu xué
junior scholar or pupil in imperial China
sī fǎ yuàn
Judicial yuan, the high court under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
Rù
ancient tribe of northern China
Hēi hé shì
Heihe prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
háo zi
raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
raccoon of North China, Korea and Japan (Japanese: tanuki)
also called 狸
Liáo yuán shì
Liaoyuan prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
yáo dòng
yaodong (a kind of cave dwelling in the Loess Plateau in northwest China)
CL:孔[kong3]
bǎo gāng jí tuán
Baosteel, China's largest steel maker
Zhōng běi Dà xué
North University of China (Shanxi)
Zhōng guó wén lián
abbr. for 中國文學藝術界聯合會|中国文学艺术界联合会, China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (CFLAC)
Bái chéng shì
Baicheng prefecture level city in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China
jiān chá yuàn
Control yuan, a watchdog under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
míng xiāng
famous prime minister (in feudal China)
Zhōng guó rén mín zhì yuàn jūn
the Chinese People's Volunteer Army deployed by China to aid North Korea in 1950
mǔ dan kǎ
Peony Card (credit card issued by Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)
zhé
to relegate a high official to a minor post in an outlying region (punishment in imperial China)
to banish or exile
(of immortals) to banish from Heaven
to censure
to blame
Suí huà shì
Suihua prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hēi lóng jiāng] in northeast China
Téng wáng gé
Tengwang Tower in 江西南昌
one of three famous pagodas in China along with Yueyang tower 岳阳楼 in Yueyang, north Hunan 湖南岳阳 and Yellow crane tower 黄鹤楼 in Wuhan, Hubei 湖北武汉
guó hào
official name of a nation (includes dynastic names of China: 漢|汉[Han4], 唐[Tang2] etc)
xià xī yáng
to sail West (from China)
refers to Zhenghe's 15th century expeditions to the Western Pacific
Zhōng guó bǎo xiǎn jiān dū guǎn lǐ wěi yuán huì
China insurance regulatory commission CIRC
Zhōng guó tōng
China watcher
an expert on China
an old China hand
wài shāng dú zī qǐ yè
wholly foreign-owned enterprise (WFOE) (form of legal entity in China)
abbr. to 外資企業|外资企业[wai4 zi1 qi3 ye4]
nǚ fàn
female offender in imperial China (old)
zhōng guó mín yòng háng kōng jú
Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)
shì cóng
chamberlain (in imperial China)
yù
legendary monkey of ancient China
Lài Chāng xīng
Lai Changxing (1958-), notorious Xiamen mafia boss involved in large scale corruption and smuggling, extradited from Canada back to China in 2008
míng chén
important official or statesman (in feudal China)
Hè gǎng shì
Hegang prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
dān dǐng hè
(bird species of China) red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis)
Shuāng yā shān shì
Shuangyashan prefecture level city in Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Tài xué
Imperial College of Supreme Learning, established in 124 BC, and the highest educational institute in ancient China until the Sui Dynasty
Lǐ Bù
Ministry of (Confucian) Rites in Imperial China
Zhōng guó Shí yóu Tiān rán qì Jí tuán Gōng sī
China National Petroleum Corporation
Lì Bù
Ministry of Appointments in Imperial China
tài cháng
Minister of Ceremonies in imperial China, one of the Nine Ministers 九卿[jiu3 qing1]
Zhōng guó yín háng yè jiān dū guǎn lǐ wěi yuán huì
China banking regulatory commission CBRC
jiā yàn
(bird species of China) barn swallow (Hirundo rustica)
wō xīn
aggrieved
dejected
(Tw, southern China) to be moved by a kind gesture etc
to feel gratified
to feel warm inside
jīn dài
Jin dynasty (1115-1234), founded by the Jurchen or Nüzhen 女真 people of North China, a precursor of the Mongol Yuan dynasty
Fú yú
Fuyu county in Songyuan 松原, Jilin
Pu'yo, Korean Buyeo (c. 200 BC-494 AD), ancient kingdom in northeast frontier region of China
Yán biān Cháo xiān zú zì zhì zhōu
Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China, capital Yanji city 延吉市
Féng Yù xiáng
Feng Yuxiang (1882-1948), warlord during Republic of China, strongly critical of Chiang Kai-shek
cāng yīng
(bird species of China) northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)
Yán biān zhōu
Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture 延邊朝鮮族自治州|延边朝鲜族自治州 in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China, capital Yanji city 延吉市
Guó zǐ jiàn
Imperial College (or Academy), the highest educational body in imperial China
Wú Qǐ
Wu Qi (440-381 BC), military leader and politician of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC), author of Wuzi 吳子|吴子[Wu2 zi3], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
yī jiǔ sì jiǔ
1949
year of the communist victory in China, the foundation of the PRC and of ROC in Taiwan
Qín dài
Qin dynasty (221-207 BC), founded by the first emperor Qin Shihuang 秦始皇[Qin2 Shi3 huang2], the first dynasty to rule the whole of China
cháng chéng kǎ
Great Wall Card (credit card issued by Bank of China)
Zhōng guó Gòng chǎn zhǔ yì Qīng nián tuán
Communist Youth League of China
China Youth League
kū shuǐ qī
period of low water level (winter in north China)
Jiāng Zǐ yá
Jiang Ziya (c. 1100 BC, dates of birth and death unknown), partly mythical sage advisor to King Wen of Zhou 周文王[Zhou1 Wen2 wang2] and purported author of “Six Secret Strategic Teachings” 六韜|六韬[Liu4 tao1], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
Nán shā qún dǎo
Spratly islands, disputed between China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam
ròu jiā mó
lit. meat wedged in steamed bun
"Chinese burger"
sliced meat sandwich popular in north China
yuè
to amputate one or both feet (punishment in imperial China)
see also 五刑[wu3 xing2]
è
(bird species of China) western osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
gǎng lóng háng kōng
Hong Kong Dragon Airlines (Dragon Air), Hong Kong and South China airline
Bái mǎ sì
the Baima or White horse temple in Luoyang, one of the earliest Buddhist temples in China
Yuè guó
Yue state
generic term for states in south China or southeast Asia at different historical periods
Yáng wù Yùn dòng
Self-Strengthening Movement (period of reforms in China c 1861-1894), also named 自強運動|自强运动
Sūn Wǔ
Sun Wu, also known as Sun Tzu 孫子|孙子[Sun1 zi3] (c. 500 BC, dates of birth and death uncertain), general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period (700-475 BC), believed to be the author of the “Art of War” 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sun1 zi3 Bing1 fa3], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
qī qī shì biàn
Marco Polo bridge incident of 7th July 1937 that sparked WW2 between Japan and China
Xī shā Qún dǎo
Paracel Islands, in the South China Sea
zhī zhōu
senior provincial government official in dynastic China
Yún Guì gāo yuán
Yunnan and Guizhou plateau in southwest China, covering east Yunnan, whole of Guizhou, west of Guangxi and southern margins of Sichuan, Hubei and Hunan
huáng tǔ dì
the yellow earth (of China)
Qióng zhōu hǎi xiá
Qiongzhou strait (between Hainan Island and Mainland China)
qù Tái
to go to Taiwan
refers to those who left China for Taiwan before the founding of PRC in 1949
Huá háng
China Airlines (Taiwan)
abbr. for 中華航空公司|中华航空公司[Zhong1 hua2 Hang2 kong1 Gong1 si1]
wǎ
Wa, Kawa or Va ethnic group of Myanmar, south China and southeast Asia
Wǎ zú
Wa, Kawa or Va ethnic group of Myanmar, south China and southeast Asia
Lián háng
China United Airlines, abbr. for 中國聯合航空|中国联合航空[Zhong1 guo2 Lian2 he2 Hang2 kong1]
Zhōng guó cán jí rén lián hé huì
China Disabled Person's Federation (since 1988)
Zhōng guó shí yóu huà gōng gǔ fèn yǒu xiàn gōng sī
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation, Sinopec
abbr. to 中石化
wǔ yuàn
Five yuan or courts that formed the government of the Republic of China under Sun Yat-sen's constitution, namely: 行政院[xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive yuan, 立法院[li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative yuan, 司法院[si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial yuan, 考試院|考试院[kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination yuan, 監察院|监察院[jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control yuan
Nán zhào
Nanzhao kingdom 738-937 in southwest China and southeast Asia
guó jiā liú xué jī jīn guǎn lǐ wěi yuán huì
China scholarship council CSC
Dà xīng ān lǐng dì qū
Daxing'anling prefecture in northwest Heilongjiang province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
huí guī zhōng guó
to return to China (e.g. Hong Kong)
shí liù guó
Sixteen Kingdoms of five non-Han people (ruling most of China 304-439)
also written 五胡十六國|五胡十六国
Shén nóng shì
Shennong or Farmer God (c. 2000 BC), first of the legendary Flame Emperors, 炎帝[Yan2 di4] and creator of agriculture in China
followers or clan of Shennong 神農|神农[Shen2 nong2]
Zhōng guó Jìn chū kǒu Yín háng
The Export-Import Bank of China (state owned bank)
Zhōng guó cán lián
abbr. for 中國殘疾人聯合會|中国残疾人联合会, China Disabled Person's Federation (since 1988)
yàn què
(bird species of China) brambling (Fringilla montifringilla)
(fig.) small fry
Zhōng nán bàn dǎo
Indo-China peninsula
lit. China South peninsula
Xī bó
Xibo ethnic group of northeast China
dū jūn
provincial military governor during the early Republic of China era (1911-1949 AD)
pǔ tōng gāo děng xué xiào zhāo shēng quán guó tǒng yī kǎo shì
China's national college entrance examination
usually abbreviated to 高考[gāo kǎo]
jì jiǔ
to offer a libation
person who performs the libation before a banquet
senior member of a profession
important government post in imperial China
Běi yáng zhèng fǔ
the Warlord government of Northern China that developed from the Qing Beiyang army 北洋軍閥|北洋军阀 after the Xinhai revolution of 1911
Zhōng guó Hǎi yáng Shí yóu Zǒng gōng sī
CNOOC
China National Offshore Oil Corporation
Běi yáng jūn
north China army, a modernizing Western-style army set up during late Qing, and a breeding ground for the Northern Warlords after the Qinghai revolution
Guó jiā dì zhèn jú
China earthquake administration (CEA)
State seismological bureau
Zhōng yuǎn Jí tuán
COSCO (China Ocean Shipping Company)
huì méng
meetings conducted by rulers in feudal China for the purpose of formalizing alliances, finalizing treaties
yī jiǔ sì jiǔ nián
1949
year of the communist victory in China, the foundation of the PRC and of ROC in Taiwan
mán zi
barbarian
slave servant
(old) contemptuous term for people from southern China (used by northern Chinese people)
jùn shǒu
senior provincial official in imperial China
Dá dá
Tartar (various northern tribes in ancient China)
Tatar (Turkic ethnic group in central Asia)
wǔ lǐng
the five ranges separating Hunan and Jiangxi from south China, esp. Guangdong and Guangxi, namely: Dayu 大庾嶺|大庾岭[Da4 yu3 ling3], Dupang 都龐嶺|都庞岭[Du1 pang2 ling3], Qitian 騎田嶺|骑田岭[Qi2 tian2 ling3], Mengzhu 萌渚嶺|萌渚岭[Meng2 zhu3 ling3] and Yuecheng 越城嶺|越城岭[Yue4 cheng2 ling3]
Guān dōng jūn
Japanese Kwantung army (or Kantō army), notorious for numerous atrocities in China during WWII
Zhōng guó dì zhì diào chá jú
China Geological Survey (CGS)
Lì Mǎ dòu
Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), Jesuit missionary and translator in Ming China
Guān dù zhī zhàn
battle of Guandu of 199 that established Cao Cao's 曹操 domination over north China, at Guandu (near modern 許昌|许昌[Xu3 chang1] in north Henan)
Zhōng gòng Zhōng yāng Xuān chuán bù
Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
shā chén tiān qì
spring sandstorms (common in Northern China)
Hóng Bó péi
Jon Huntsman, Jr. (1960-) Governor of Utah from 2005 to 2009, US Ambassador to China since August 2009
bù dì
to fail the civil service examination (in imperial China)
mǎo
round yellow dirt mount (in the Northwest of China)
Duō ěr gǔn
Dorgon (1612-1651), fourteenth son of Nurhaci 努爾哈赤|努尔哈赤, successful general, instrumental in Manchu conquest of China, ruled China as regent 1644-1650 for his nephew Emperor Shunzhi 順治帝
Zhōng guó dì zhèn tái
China earthquake administration (CEA)
State seismological bureau
Yún Guì Chuān
Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan
south west China
Lú gōu qiáo shì biàn
the Marco Polo bridge incident of 7th July 1937 that sparked WW2 between Japan and China
Tú men jiāng
Tumen river in Jilin province 吉林省, forming the eastern border between China and North Korea
tū jiù
vulture
(bird species of China) cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus)
hóng chóu gǔ
red chip stocks (Chinese company stocks incorporated outside Mainland China and listed in the Hong Kong stock exchange)
Sūn Yì xiān
Dr Sun Yat-sen (1866-1925), first president of the Republic of China and co-founder of the Kuomintang
same as 孫中山|孙中山
fān qié chǎo dàn
scrambled egg with fresh tomatoes (north China)
same as 西紅柿炒蛋|西红柿炒蛋
tōng shāng kǒu àn
treaty port, forced on Qing China by the 19th century Great Powers
nóng yùn huì
China National Farmers' Games (sports meeting for peasants held every 4 years since 1988)
táng lóu
tenement building, typically of 2-4 stories, with a shop on the ground floor and upper floors used for residential purposes (esp. in southern China)
Dōng yí
Eastern Barbarians, non-Han tribe living to the east of China c 2200 BC
Xī bó zú
Xibo ethnic group of northeast China
Zhōng guó Mín zhǔ Cù jìn huì
China Association for Promoting Democracy
Zhōng guó Dà Bǎi kē Quán shū Chū bǎn shè
Encyclopedia of China Publishing House
Zhōng guó Jiāo tōng Jiàn shè
China Communications Construction Company
Zhōng guó Chuán bó Zhòng gōng Jí tuán Gōng sī
China Ship Scientific Research Center (CSSRC)
zì yóu Zhōng guó
Free China
refers to Taiwan 臺灣|台湾[Tai2 wan1]
zhì jī
(bird species of China) common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus)
Zhōng guó Mín zhǔ Jiàn guó huì
China Democratic National Construction Association
Chūn liǔ
Spring Willow Society, pioneering Chinese theatrical company set up in Tokyo in 1906, part of New Culture Movement 新文化運動|新文化运动[Xin1 Wen2 hua4 Yun4 dong4], continued in China from 1912 as 新劇同志會|新剧同志会[Xin1 ju4 Tong2 zhi4 hui4]
Nán níng dì qū
Nanning prefecture in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region in south China 廣西壯族自治區|广西壮族自治区
wèng
water spinach or ong choy (Ipomoea aquatica), used as a vegetable in south China and southeast Asia
Taiwan pr. [yong1]
yà ōu dà lù qiáo
New Asia-Europe Land Bridge
rail line from China through Central Asia to Europe
fù guó qiáng bīng
lit. rich country, strong army (idiom); slogan of legalist philosophers in pre-Han times
Make the country wealthy and the military powerful, slogan of modernizers in Qing China and Meiji Japan (Japanese pronunciation: Fukoku kyōhei)
Yìn dù zhī nà
Indo-China (transliteration)
Nán jīng tiáo yuē
Treaty of Nanjing (1842) that concluded the First Opium War between Qing China and Britain
nán huá zǎo bào
South China Morning Post (newspaper in Hong Kong)
Lǐ Yuē sè
Joseph Needham (1900-1995), British biochemist and author of Science and Civilization in China
cāng lù
(bird species of China) grey heron (Ardea cinerea)
Běi yáng shuǐ shī
north China navy (esp. the ill-fated Chinese navy in the 1895 war with Japan)
yí dí
non-Han tribes in the east and north of ancient China
barbarians
yá shǔ
government office in feudal China
yamen
hóng zuǐ ōu
(bird species of China) black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus)
Běi jīng chǎn quán jiāo yì suǒ
China Beijing Equity Exchange (CBEX)
Jīng zú
Vietnamese ethnic group in south China
Xú Shì chāng
Xu Shichang (1855-1939), politician associated with the Northern Warlords, president of China in 1921
Guó jiā Háng tiān jú
China National Space Administration (CNSA)
hēi jǐng hè
(bird species of China) black-necked crane (Grus nigricollis)
É luó sī zú
Russian ethnic group (of northeast China and Xinjiang etc)
Russian nationality
Russians (of Russia)
kǎ
ancient name for an ethnic group in China
Dōng hú
Eastern barbarian
ancient ethnic group of northeast frontier of China
xīn rú jiā
New Confucianism
a social and political movement founded in 1920s China that combines aspects of Western and Eastern philosophy
see 當代新儒家|当代新儒家
jùn zhì
seat of the principal county magistrate in imperial China
sī kòu
minister of criminal justice (official rank in imperial China)
fú shòu luó
giant Amazon snail (Ampullaria gigas spix), that has devastated rice paddies in China since its introduction in the 1980s
Yán biān dì qū
Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture 延邊朝鮮族自治州|延边朝鲜族自治州 in Jilin province 吉林省 in northeast China, capital Yanji city 延吉市
Xī róng
the Xirong, an ancient ethnic group of Western China from the Zhou Dynasty onwards
Xionites (Central Asian nomads)
jiǔ qīng
the Nine Ministers (in imperial China)
Zhōng guó Zhì gōng dǎng
China Party for Public Interest
bái máo
cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica), used as thatching material in China and Indonesia
Shǐ dí wēi
Joseph Stilwell (1883-1946), commander of US forces in China, Burma and India in World War II
Zhōng guó Jiāo tōng Yùn shū Xié huì
China Communications and Transportation Association (CCTA)
Zhōng guó shí yóu hé huà xué gōng yè xié huì
China Petrol and Chemical Industry Association CPCIA
liáo gē
(bird species of China) hill myna (Gracula religiosa)
bàn fēng jiàn bàn zhí mín dì
semi-feudal and semi-colonial (the official Marxist description of China in the late Qing and under the Guomindang)
Dà Méi gōng hé cì qū yù
Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), area of economic cooperation between China and Vietnam
Hā bā luó fū sī kè
Khabarovsk, far eastern Russian city and province on the border with Heilongjiang province of China
dài shèng
(bird species of China) Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops)
dù yā
(bird species of China) common raven (Corvus corax)
yè lù
(bird species of China) black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)
rén mín gōng shè huà
collectivization of agriculture (disastrous policy of communist Russia around 1930 and China in the 1950s)
Xīng zhōng huì
Revive China Society, founded by Dr Sun Yat-sen 孫中山|孙中山 in 1894 in Honolulu
Zhōng huá quán guó tǐ yù zǒng huì
All-China sports federation
suǒ guó
to close a country
to exclude foreign contact
closed country (Qing China, North Korea etc)
xié yuē guó
Allies
entente (i.e. Western powers allied to China in WW1)
Zhōng guó Gòng chǎn dǎng Zhōng yāng Wěi yuán huì
Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, abbr. to 中共中央[Zhong1 Gong4 Zhong1 yang1]
Lú gōu qiáo
Lugou bridge or Marco Polo bridge, the scene of "incident" sparking WW2 between Japan and China
hóng huǒ yǐ
fire ant (Solenopsis invicta), an introduced species in China
tuī guān
prefectural judge (in imperial China)
shǎng
unit of land area, with value varying from area to area (worth one hectare or 15 mǔ 亩 in parts of northeast China, but only 3 or 5 mǔ in northwest China)
Zhōng huá Háng kōng Gōng sī
China Airlines (Taiwan)
abbr. to 華航|华航[Hua2 hang2]
Guō Quán
Guo Quan, formerly Professor of Nanjing Normal University, sacked after founding New People's Party of China 中國新民黨|中国新民党
Tiān jīn tiáo yuē
Treaty of Tianjin of 1858, a sequence of unequal treaties 不平等條約|不平等条约 between Russia, USA, England, France and Qing China
Liù Tāo
”Six Secret Strategic Teachings”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wǔ jīng Qī Shū], attributed to Jiang Ziya 薑子牙|姜子牙[Jiāng Zǐ yá]
tài zǐ tài bǎo
tutor to the crown prince (in imperial China)
Wǎ hǎn zǒu láng
Wakhan Corridor, joining Afghanistan and China (Xinjiang), and dividing Tajikistan from Pakistan
zhé jū
(of officials in imperial China) to live in banishment
wǔ hú shí liù guó
Sixteen Kingdoms of five non-Han people (ruling most of China 304-439)
Zhōng guó Wén xué Yì shù jiè Lián hé huì
China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (CFLAC)
abbr. to 文聯|文联
Huí zú rén
Hui person
member of Hui ethnic group living across China
zhōng lǚ shè
China Travel Service (CTS), state-owned travel company
Wú zǐ
Wuzi, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1], written by Wu Qi 吳起|吴起[Wu2 Qi3]
fáng huǒ cháng chéng
the Great Firewall of China (Internet censorship)
Zhōng guó gǔ dài sì dà měi nǚ
Four legendary beauties of ancient China, namely: Xi Shi 西施, Wang Zhaojun 王昭君, Diaochan 貂蟬|貂蝉 and Yang Yuhuan 楊玉環|杨玉环 or Yang Guifei 楊貴妃|杨贵妃
Fū yú
Pu'yo, Korean Buyeo (c. 200 BC-494 AD), ancient kingdom in northeast frontier region of China
Niǎn jūn
Nien Army, leading a peasant rebellion against Qing dynasty in Northern China from 1851-1868, at the same time as the Taiping Rebellion in South China
wǔ xíng
imperial five punishments of feudal China, up to Han times: tattooing characters on the forehead 墨[mo4], cutting off the nose 劓[yi4], amputation of one or both feet 刖[yue4], castration 宮|宫[gong1], execution 大辟[da4 pi4]
Han dynasty onwards: whipping 笞[chi1], beating the legs and buttocks with rough thorns 杖[zhang4], forced labor 徒[tu2], exile or banishment 流[liu2], capital punishment 死[si3]
Fù xiāng
Fuxiang, alternative name for Yushi 御史[Yu Shi], the Imperial Censor in dynastic China
Quǎn róng
Quanrong, Zhou Dynasty ethnic group of present-day western China
Sōng liáo píng yuán
Songliao plain of northeast China including Songhua river 松花江 through Liaoning peninsula
Ā wǎ
Wa, Kawa or Va ethnic group of Myanmar, south China and southeast Asia
wǔ dēng huì yuán
Song dynasty history of Zen Buddhism in China (1252), 20 scrolls
Zhōng guó Guǎng bō Gōng sī
Broadcasting Corporation of China (BCC)
xī hóng shì chǎo dàn
scrambled egg with fresh tomatoes (south China)
same as 番茄炒蛋
yī zhōng yī tái
"one China, one Taiwan" (policy)
bēn bēn zú
lit. Rushing Clan, generation born between 1975-1985 and China's most hedonistic and hard-working social group (netspeak)
hóng sǔn
(bird species of China) common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Jīn dùn Gōng chéng
Golden Shield Project, also known as the Great Firewall of China
wǔ kǒu tōng shāng
the five treaty ports forced on Qing China by the 1842 treaty of Nanjing 南京條約|南京条约 that concluded the First Opium War, namely: Guangzhou 廣州|广州, Fuzhou 福州, Ningbo 寧波|宁波, Xiamen or Amoy 廈門|厦门 and Shanghai 上海
dà bǎo
(bird species of China) great bustard (Otis tarda)
què yīng
(bird species of China) Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus)
dǐ huá
to arrive in China (of a foreign national)
to settle in China
Zhōng guó Háng kōng Yùn shū Xié huì
China Air Transport Association (CATA)
Zhōng guó Běi fāng Gōng yè Gōng sī
China North Industries Corporation (Norinco)
Sù shèn
ancient ethnic group of northeast frontier of China
Āi dé jiā · Sī nuò
Edgar Snow (1905-1972), American journalist, reported from China 1928-1941, author of Red Star Over China
huáng yán dǎo
Huangyan Island (in the South China Sea)
Ní bù chǔ tiáo yuē
Treaty of Nerchinsk (1698) between Qing China and Russia
yáng jiào
foreign religion (esp. Western Christianity in Qing China)
Āi ěr jīn
James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin (1811-1863), British High Commissioner to China who ordered the looting and destruction of the Old Winter Palace Yuanmingyuan 圓明園|圆明园 in 1860
Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin (1766-1841), who stole the Parthenon Marbles in 1801-1810
Dīng Rǔ chāng
Ding Ruchang (1836-1895), commander of the Qing North China Navy
wǔ quán xiàn fǎ
Sun Yat-sen's Five-power constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan
The five courts or 院[yuan4] are 行政院[xing2 zheng4 yuan4] Executive yuan, 立法院[li4 fa3 yuan4] Legislative yuan, 司法院[si1 fa3 yuan4] Judicial yuan, 考試院|考试院[kao3 shi4 yuan4] Examination yuan, 監察院|监察院[jian1 cha2 yuan4] Control yuan
yī zhōng yuán zé
One-China principle, the official doctrine that Taiwan is a province of China
Shǐ mò tè lái
Agnes Smedley (1892-1950), US journalist and activist, reported on China, esp. the communist side
Sī mǎ Fǎ
“Methods of Sima”, also called “Sima Rangju’s Art of War”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1], written by Sima Rangju 司馬穰苴|司马穰苴[Si1 ma3 Rang2 ju1]
zhì wài fǎ quán
diplomatic immunity
(history) extraterritoriality, the rights (under unequal treaties) of a foreigner to live in China outside Chinese jurisdiction
gòng chǎn dǎng zhèng fǔ
the communist party government
the government of China
Cháo zú
Korean ethnic group of Jilin province and northeast China
same as 朝鮮族|朝鲜族
Shǐ Jǐng qiān
Jonathan D Spence (1936-), distinguished British US historian of China, author of The search for modern China 追尋現代中國|追寻现代中国
Xī kāng shěng
western Kham
historic province of Tibet in Kham region and west Sichuan, a province of Republic of China 1928-49 with capital Ya'an 雅安[Ya3 an1]
bān tóu yàn
(bird species of China) bar-headed goose (Anser indicus)
wù jiù
vulture
(bird species of China) griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus)
jiāo liáo
(bird species of China) Eurasian wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)
tóng
name of a variety of dog
wild tribes in South China
ài hún tiáo yuē
Treaty of Aigun, 1858 unequal treaty forced on Qing China by Tsarist Russia
chì má yā
(bird species of China) ruddy shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea)
Kē dì huá
Dwarkanath Kotnis (1910-1942), one of five Indian doctors sent to China to provide medical assistance during the Second Sino-Japanese War
lí jīn
a form of transit taxation in China introduced to finance armies to suppress the Taiping Rebellion
Zì qiáng Yùn dòng
Self-Strengthening Movement (period of reforms in China c 1861-1894), also named 洋務運動|洋务运动
Nóng mín dǎng
Peasant Party (Republic of China)
Wèi yì xìn
David Clive Wilson, Baron Wilson of Tillyorn (1935-), British diplomat and China expert, Governor of Hong Kong 1986-1992
Lú gōu qiáo shì biàn
the Marco Polo bridge incident of 7th July 1937 that sparked WW2 between Japan and China
chí lù
(bird species of China) Chinese pond heron (Ardeola bacchus)
liù tāo sān lüè
"Six Secret Strategic Teachings” 六韜|六韬[Lìu Tāo] and ”Three Strategies of Huang Shigong” 三略[Sān Lüè], two of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wǔ jīng Qī Shū]
wéi
ancient yak of South East China, also known as 犪牛[kui2 niu2]
Zhōng guó Guó fáng Kē jì Xìn xī Zhōng xīn
China Defense Science and Technology Information Center (CDSTIC)
shǒu xiàn
principal county magistrate in imperial China
jīn chì què
(bird species of China) grey-capped greenfinch (Chloris sinica)
Wèi Liáo zi
Wei Liaozi, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1], possibly written by Wei Liao 尉繚|尉缭[Wei4 Liao2] during the Warring States Period (475-220 BC)
Chá mǎ hù shì
old tea-horse market between Tibet, China, Southeast Asia and India, formalized as a state enterprise under the Song dynasty
Yuè fēi
Adolph Abramovich Joffe (1883-1927), Soviet and Comintern diplomat and spy in 1922-23 in Republican China
yǒu
the vitreous glaze on china, porcelain etc
xiān Hàn
pre-Han
China before to 200 BC
Tài gōng bīng fǎ
alternative name for ”Three Strategies of Huang Shigong” 黃石公三略|黄石公三略[Huáng Shí gōng Sān lüè], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wǔ jīng Qī Shū]
Huá běi shì biàn
North China incident of October-December 1935, a Japanese attempt to set up a puppet government in north China
Ā mù ěr hé
the Amur River (the border between north east China and Russia)
same as 黑龍江|黑龙江
cān hé
to accuse
to impeach
(in imperial China) to level charges against an official
wū dōng
(bird species of China) common blackbird (Turdus merula)
bái tóu bēi
(bird species of China) light-vented bulbul (Pycnonotus sinensis)
sōng yā
(bird species of China) Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius)
Mǎ jiá ěr ní
Earl George Macartney (1737-1806), leader of British mission to Qing China in 1793
Paul McCartney, former Beatle
Dé léi ěr
Dreyer (name)
June Teufel Dreyer, China expert at Univ. of Miami and Foreign Policy Research Institute
Tāng Yù lín
Tang Yulin (1871-1937), minor warlord in northeast China, sometime governor of Chengde 承德, mostly poor in battle but very successful at accumulating personal wealth
Dà Méi gōng hé cì qū yù hé zuò
Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), economic cooperation program between China and Vietnam
běi lǎo
northerner, person from Northern China (Cantonese)
dài jú
(bird species of China) goldcrest (Regulus regulus)
Wǔ jīng Qī Shū
Seven Military Classics of ancient China viz "Six Secret Strategic Teachings” 六韜|六韬[Lìu Tāo], “Methods of Sima” 司馬法|司马法[Sī mǎ Fǎ], ”Art of War” 孫子兵法|孙子兵法[Sūn zǐ Bīng Fǎ], “Wu-zi” 吳子|吴子[Wú zǐ], “Wei Liao-zi” 尉繚子|尉缭子[Wèi Liáo zi], ”Three Strategies of Huang Shigong” 黃石公三略|黄石公三略[Huáng Shí gōng Sān Lüè] and ”Duke Li of Wei answering Emperor Taizong of Tang” 唐太宗李衛公問對|唐太宗李卫公问对[Táng Tài zōng Lǐ Wèi Gōng Wèn Dùi]
É ěr jīn
James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin (1811-1863), British High Commissioner to China who ordered the looting and destruction of the Old Winter Palace Yuanmingyuan 圓明園|圆明园 in 1860
Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin (1766-1841), who stole the Parthenon Marbles in 1801-1810
Lián tōng Hóng chóu Gōng sī
Unicom Red Chip, Hong Kong subsidiary of China Unicom 中國聯通|中国联通
Dòu mǎn jiāng
Dumangang 두만강, Korean name of Tumen river 圖們江|图们江[Tu2 men2 jiang1] in Jilin province, forming the eastern border between China and North Korea
Zhōng guó Guó jiā Háng tiān jú
China National Space Administration (CNSA)
shí guó chūn qiū
History of Ten States of South China (1669) by Wu Renchen 吳任臣|吴任臣, 77 scrolls
Lì Mǎ dòu
Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), Jesuit missionary and translator in Ming China
erroneous spelling of 利瑪竇|利玛窦
Sī mǎ Ráng jū
Sima Rangju (c. 800 BC, dates of birth and death unknown), military strategist of the Qi State 齊國|齐国[Qi2 guo2] and author of “Methods of Sima” 司馬法|司马法[Si1 ma3 Fa3], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
sì dà pén dì
four great basin depressions of China, namely: Tarim 塔里木盆地 in south Xinjiang, Jungar 準葛爾盆地|准葛尔盆地 and Tsaidam or Qaidam 柴達木盆地|柴达木盆地 in north Xinjiang Sichuan 四川盆地
Zhōng É Běi jīng tiáo yuē
the Treaty of Beijing of 1860 between Qing China and Tsarist Russia
Yuè qiáo
Vietnamese resident in other countries (including in China)
Zhōng Rì Hán tǒng yī biǎo yì wén zì
China Japan Korea (CJK) unified ideographs
Unihan
huàn mén
family of officials
family with connections to the bureaucracy (i.e. the middle classes in imperial China)
zōng tóu ōu
(bird species of China) brown-headed gull (Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus)
hēi zhěn huáng lí
(bird species of China) black-naped oriole (Oriolus chinensis)
cǎo xiāo
(bird species of China) eastern grass owl (Tyto longimembris)
Běi yáng lù jūn
north China army (esp. during the warlords period)
Dīng Wěi liáng
William A.P. Martin (1827-1916), American missionary who lived 62 years in China between 1850 and 1916, and helped found many Chinese colleges, first president of Peking University
zhuó dì
to pass the civil service examination (in imperial China)
sān fǎ sī
the three judicial chief ministries (in imperial China)
Yìn dù zhī nà bàn dǎo
Indo-China peninsula (old term, esp. colonial period)
now written 中南半島|中南半岛
yáng yuán
Westerner employed in Qing China (as professor or military advisor etc)
qù Tái rén yuán
those who left China for Taiwan before the founding of PRC in 1949
Chūn liǔ shè
Spring Willow Society, pioneering Chinese theatrical company set up in Tokyo in 1906, part of New Culture Movement 新文化運動|新文化运动[Xin1 Wen2 hua4 Yun4 dong4], continued in China from 1912 as 新劇同志會|新剧同志会[Xin1 ju4 Tong2 zhi4 hui4]
Zhōng Rì Hán Yuè
China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
Lǐ xī huò fēn
Ferdinand von Richthofen (1833-1905), German geologist and explorer who published a major foundational study of the geology of China in 1887 and first introduced the term Silk Road 絲綢之路|丝绸之路
Mín guó tōng sú yǎn yì
Dramatized history of Republican China until 1927 by Cai Dongfan 蔡東藩|蔡东藩, and later chapters by Xu Qinfu 許廑父|许廑父
zhōng é ní bù chǔ tiáo yuē
Treaty of Nerchinsk (1698) between Qing China and Russia
zhuī xún xiàn dài Zhōng guó
In search of Modern China by Jonathan D Spence 史景遷|史景迁
Yìn zhī bàn dǎo
Indo-China peninsula (abbr. for colonial term 印度支那半島|印度支那半岛)
now written 中南半島|中南半岛
Zhōng guó xī běi biān chuí
border area of northwest China (i.e. Xinjiang)
gòng guó
tributary state of China (old)
Xūn yù
an ethnic group in ancient northern China
Lǐ xī tè huò fēn
Ferdinand von Richthofen (1833-1905), German geologist and explorer who published a major foundational study of the geology of China in 1887 and first introduced the term Silk Road 絲綢之路|丝绸之路
Yuán tóu
silver coin from the early days of the Republic of China (1912-1949) bearing the head of Yuan Shikai 袁世凱|袁世凯[Yuan2 Shi4 kai3]
shuǐ wèng cài
water spinach or ong choy (Ipomoea aquatica), used as a vegetable in south China and southeast Asia
Zhōng guó Yóu yì jī Yóu lè yuán Xié huì
China Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions (CAAPA)
Zhōng guó rén quán zǔ zhī
Human rights in China (New York based expatriate PRC organization)
Zhōng guó Xīn mín dǎng
New People's Party of China, xinmin.freeforum.ca
Huáng Shí gōng Sān Lüè
”Three Strategies of Huang Shigong”, also known as Taigong Bing Fa 太公兵法[Tài gōng Bīng Fǎ], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wǔ jīng Qī Shū], variously attributed to Jiang Ziya 薑子牙|姜子牙[Jiāng Zǐ yá], Huang Shigong 黃石公|黄石公[Huáng Shí gōng] or an anonymous author
Sī pǔ lā Tè lì qún dǎo
Spratly islands, disputed between China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam
same as 南沙群島|南沙群岛
Xià Huáng gōng
Xia Huanggong also known as Huang Shigong 黃石公|黄石公[Huang2 Shi2 gong1] (dates of birth and death uncertain), Daoist hermit of the Qin Dynasty 秦代[Qin2 dai4] and purported author of ”Three Strategies of Huang Shigong” 黃石公三略|黄石公三略[Huang2 Shi2 gong1 San1 lu:e4], one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1]
Xīn luó wáng cháo
Silla, Korean kingdom 57 BC-935 AD
one of the Korean Three Kingdoms from 1st century AD, defeating its rivals Paikche 百濟|百济[Bǎi jì] and Koguryo 高句麗|高句丽[Gāo jù lí] around 660 in alliance with Tang China
unified Silla 658-935
Zhōng guó Guó jiā dì zhèn jú
China earthquake administration (CEA)
State seismological bureau
lì yù
(bird species of China) Eurasian oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus)
É Zhōng Cháo
Russia, China and North Korea
Wú Rèn chén
Wu Renchen (1628-1689), Qing dynasty polymath and historian, author of History of Ten States of South China 十國春秋|十国春秋
Zhōng É Yī lí tiáo yuē
Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881, whereby Russia handed back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights
Jiā lā hǎn
Leo Karakhan (1889-1937), Soviet ambassador to China 1921-26, executed in Stalin's 1937 purge
Zhōng yìn bàn dǎo
Indo-China peninsula
also written 中南半島|中南半岛
Zhōng guó Guó jiā Yuán zǐ néng Jī gòu
China Atomic Energy Agency (CAEA)
Xūn yù
an ethnic group in ancient northern China
also written 葷粥|荤粥[Xun1 yu4]
huáng tǔ bù lù tiān
a slogan used in reference to a project to improve greenery in some parts of Northern China
Mǎ jiá ěr ní shǐ tuán
the Macartney mission to Qing China in 1793
shàng mù jié
James Sasser (US Ambassador to China)
máo tuǐ shā jī
(bird species of China) Pallas's sandgrouse (Syrrhaptes paradoxus)
Láng Wēi lǐ
Captain William M Lang (1843-), British adviser to the Qing north China navy 北洋水師|北洋水师 during the 1880s
dà dù zi jīng jì
"Pregnancy-oriented Economy", new market conditions brought about by a predicted baby boom in China
Zhōng huá Rén mín Gòng hé guó Guó jiā Háng tiān jú
China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Fú yú
variant of 扶餘|扶余 Korean: Buyeo (c. 200 BC-494 AD), ancient kingdom in northeast frontier region of China
Hēi lóng jiāng hé
Heilongjiang river
the Amur river the Amur River (the border between north east China and Russia)
bān chì shān chún
(bird species of China) Daurian partridge (Perdix dauurica)
hóng fù huī què
(bird species of China) Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)
lì cháo tōng sú yǎn yì
Dramatized history of successive dynasties (from Han to Republican China) by Cai Dongfan 蔡東藩|蔡东藩
zhōng guó jīng mì jī xiè jìn chū kǒu gōng sī
China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation (CPMIEC)
Zhōng guó Cháng chéng Gōng yè Gōng sī
China Great Wall Industry Corporation (CGWIC)
zhōng guó háng kōng gōng yè gōng sī
Aviation Industries of China (AVIC)
Lǐ wǎ jī yà tiáo yuē
draft unequal treaty of Livadia (Crimea) of 1879 between Russia and Qing China, subsequently renegotiated
Guō Jū jìng
Lazzaro Cattaneo (1560-1640), Italian Jesuit missionary in China
Ài gé ní sī · Shǐ mò tè lái
Agnes Smedley (1892-1950), US journalist who reported on China, esp. the communist side
yáng chǎng è shào
city infested with foreign adventurers (esp of Shanghai in pre-liberation China) (idiom)
hóng jǐng bàn pǔ yù
(bird species of China) red-necked phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus)
Xī zàng máo tuǐ shā jī
(bird species of China) Tibetan sandgrouse (Syrrhaptes tibetanus)
Zhōng É gǎi dìng tiáo yuē
Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881, whereby Russia handed back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights
Mǎ gá ěr ní
Earl George Macartney (1737-1806), leader of British mission to Qing China in 1793
Paul McCartney, former Beatle
Héng shēng Zhōng zī qǐ yè zhǐ shù
Hang Seng China affiliated index
Zhōng Sū jiě jué xuán àn dà gāng xié dìng
the treaty of 1923 normalizing relations between the Soviet Union and the Northern Warlord government of China
Kǎ wǎ zú
Wa, Kawa or Va ethnic group of Myanmar, south China and southeast Asia
guǎng ér gào zhī guǎng gào gōng sī
China Mass Media International Advertising Corp
gǎi dìng Yī lí tiáo yuē
Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881 in which Russia agreed to hand back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights
Guō Sōng dào
Guo Songdao or Kuo Sun-tao (1818-1891), China's first imperial commissioner (ambassador) to UK and France
Chūn liǔ jù chǎng
Spring willow society, pioneering Chinese theatrical company set up in Tokyo in 1906, part of New Culture movement, continued in China from 1912 as 新劇同志會|新剧同志会
Zhōng guó Chuán bó Mào yì Gōng sī
China Shipbuilding Trading Corporation (CSTC)
liǎng qíng liǎng yuàn
by mutual consent (north China dialect)
tǒng Hàn zì
Unihan
China Japan Korea (CJK) unified ideographs
abbr. for 中日韓統一表意文字|中日韩统一表意文字[Zhong1 Ri4 Han2 tong3 yi1 biao3 yi4 wen2 zi4]
zhōng guó háng tiān jì shù jìn chū kǒu gōng sī
China National Aero-Technology Import-Export Corporation (CATIC)
Jiāng Shí nián
Jiang Shinian (c. 2000 BC), birth name of Shennong 神農|神农[Sheng2 nong2] Farmer God, first of the legendary Flame Emperors 炎帝[Yan2 di4] and creator of agriculture in China
Mǎ gá ěr ní shǐ tuán
the Macartney mission to Qing China in 1793
Wú Yuè qū
folk song from Wu or from south China more generally
kuí niú
ancient yak of South East China, also known as 犩[wei2]
zhōng guó guó jiā chuán bó gōng sī
China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC)
Xīn jiāng xiǎo pán jī
Xinjiang small-plate chicken (typical dish from North-West China)
zhōng guó hé néng zǒng gōng sī
China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC)
hóng wǔ xīng qí
name of the flag of the People's Republic of China
Zhōng guó wú xiàn diàn pín pǔ guǎn lǐ hé jiān cè
China state radio regulation committee SRRC
quán guó niǎo lèi xué huì
China Ornithological Society
Āi dé jiā · Sī nuò
Edgar Snow (1905-1972), American journalist, reported from China 1928-1941, author of Red Star Over China
bái yāo chā wěi hǎi yàn
(bird species of China) Leach's storm petrel (Oceanodroma leucorhoa)
lǐng què zuǐ bēi
(bird species of China) collared finchbill (Spizixos semitorques)
huáng jiá shān què
(bird species of China) yellow-cheeked tit (Machlolophus spilonotus)
zhōng zéi ōu
(bird species of China) pomarine skua (Stercorarius pomarinus)
jiān wěi bīn yù
(bird species of China) sharp-tailed sandpiper (Calidris acuminata)
bái yāo wén niǎo
(bird species of China) white-rumped munia (Lonchura striata)
lǐng xiū liú
(bird species of China) collared owlet (Glaucidium brodiei)
huáng jiá mài jī
(bird species of China) sociable lapwing (Vanellus gregarius)
Yà lì shān dà yīng wǔ
(bird species of China) Alexandrine parakeet (Psittacula eupatria)
xīng tóu zhuó mù niǎo
(bird species of China) grey-capped pygmy woodpecker (Dendrocopos canicapillus)
bái yāo zhū dǐng què
(bird species of China) common redpoll (Acanthis flammea)
lǐng jú méi
(bird species of China) collared babbler (Gampsorhynchus torquatus)
huáng jǐng zhuó mù niǎo
(bird species of China) Darjeeling woodpecker (Dendrocopos darjellensis)
xīng yā
(bird species of China) spotted nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes)
bái yāo sháo yù
(bird species of China) Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata)
huáng jǐng nǐ là zuǐ què
(bird species of China) collared grosbeak (Mycerobas affinis)
Yà zhōu mò dì lín yīng
(bird species of China) Asian desert warbler (Sylvia nana)
bái yāo bīn yù
(bird species of China) white-rumped sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis)
hóng méi zhū què
(bird species of China) Chinese beautiful rosefinch (Carpodacus davidianus)
gāo qiào yù
(bird species of China) stilt sandpiper (Calidris himantopus)
huáng jǐng fèng méi
(bird species of China) whiskered yuhina (Yuhina flavicollis)
Yà zhōu duǎn zhǐ bǎi líng
(bird species of China) Asian short-toed lark (Alaudala cheleensis)
bái yāo yàn ōu
(bird species of China) Aleutian tern (Onychoprion aleuticus)
hóng méi sōng què
(bird species of China) crimson-browed finch (Carpodacus subhimachalus)
jiǎo zuǐ hǎi què
(bird species of China) rhinoceros auklet (Cerorhinca monocerata)
huáng é yā què
(bird species of China) fulvous parrotbill (Suthora fulvifrons)
Yà zhōu shòu dài
(bird species of China) Asian paradise flycatcher (Terpsiphone paradisi)
also called 壽帶|寿带[shou4 dai4]
Gǎi dìng Yī lí Tiáo yuē
Treaty of Saint Petersburg of 1881 in which Russia agreed to hand back Yili province to Qing China in exchange for compensation payment and unequal treaty rights
bái yāo cǎo yù
(bird species of China) green sandpiper (Tringa ochropus)
jiǎo bǎi líng
(bird species of China) horned lark (Eremophila alpestris)
bái yāo xuě què
(bird species of China) white-rumped snowfinch (Onychostruthus taczanowskii)
Lù dé què méi
(bird species of China) Ludlow's fulvetta (Fulvetta ludlowi)
Lǐ wǎ jī yà Tiáo yuē
Treaty of Livadia (1879) between Russia and China, relating to territory in Chinese Turkistan, renegotiated in 1881 (Treaty of St. Petersburg)
huáng wú
(bird species of China) yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella)
Zhōng Yín
Bank of China
abbr. for 中國銀行|中国银行[Zhong1 guo2 Yin2 hang2]
Liù pán Shān
Liupan Mountains, mountain range in northern China
jī bīn yù
(bird species of China) least sandpiper (Calidris minutilla)
Bǎo xīng gē dōng
(bird species of China) Chinese thrush (Turdus mupinensis)
bái yāo què qú
(bird species of China) white-rumped shama (Copsychus malabaricus)
Hè lán Shān yán liù
(bird species of China) Mongolian accentor (Prunella koslowi)
Huáng hè Lóu
Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan City, built in 223, burnt down in 1884, rebuilt in 1985
favored place of poet sages, who in legend arrived riding golden cranes
Tang poem by Cui Hao 崔顥|崔颢[Cui1 Hao4], with theme 'the past will never return'
one of three famous pagodas in China along with Yueyang Tower 岳陽樓|岳阳楼[Yue4 yang2 Lou2] in Yueyang, north Hunan, and Tengwang Tower 滕王閣|滕王阁[Teng2 wang2 Ge2] in Nanchang, Jiangxi
Guó Dà
abbr. for 國民大會|国民大会, National Assembly of the Republic of China (extant during various periods between 1913 and 2005)
abbr. for 新加坡國立大學|新加坡国立大学, National University of Singapore (NUS)
abbr. for 印度國民大會黨|印度国民大会党, Indian National Congress (INC)
abbr. for 馬來西亞印度國民大會黨|马来西亚印度国民大会党, Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC)
jī tián jī
(bird species of China) little crake (Porzana parva)
bǎo xìng méi què
(bird species of China) rufous-tailed babbler (Moupinia poecilotis)
dōng fāng jī zǎ liǔ yīng
(bird species of China) mountain chiffchaff (Phylloscopus sindianus)
shā bái hóu lín yīng
(bird species of China) desert whitethroat (Sylvia minula)
bái fù jī wēng
(bird species of China) blue-and-white flycatcher (Cyanoptila cyanomelana)
Suí huà Shì
Suihua prefecture level city in Heilongjiang Province 黑龍江|黑龙江[Hei1 long2 jiang1] in northeast China
Hè lán Shān hóng wěi qú
(bird species of China) Alashan redstart (Phoenicurus alaschanicus)
huáng jí líng
(bird species of China) eastern yellow wagtail (Motacilla tschutschensis)
jī yù
(bird species of China) jack snipe (Lymnocryptes minimus)
Shàng mù jié
James Sasser (1936-), US Ambassador to China 1995-1999
dōng fāng dà wěi yīng
(bird species of China) oriental reed warbler (Acrocephalus orientalis)
bái fù yōu méi
(bird species of China) spot-throated babbler (Pellorneum albiventre)
Dà yuè jìn
Great Leap Forward (1958-1960), Mao's attempt to modernize China's economy, which resulted in economic devastation, and millions of deaths from famine caused by misguided policies
dōng fāng bān bī
(bird species of China) variable wheatear (Oenanthe picata)
bái fù máo jiǎo yàn
(bird species of China) common house martin (Delichon urbicum))
Lóng xīn
Loongson (a family of general-purpose CPUs developed within China)
Liù tāo
“Six Secret Strategic Teachings”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1], attributed to Jiang Ziya 薑子牙|姜子牙[Jiang1 Zi3 ya2]
Ān huī Shěng
Anhui Province (Anhwei) in south central China, abbr. 皖[Wan3], capital Hefei 合肥[He2 fei2]
dōng fāng bái guàn
(bird species of China) oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana)
bái fù hǎi diāo
(bird species of China) white-bellied sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster)
hóng chì xuán bì què
(bird species of China) wallcreeper (Tichodroma muraria)
Liù tāo Sān lüè
"Six Secret Strategic Teachings" 六韜|六韬[Liu4 tao1] and "Three Strategies of Huang Shigong" 三略[San1 lu:e4], two of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武經七書|武经七书[Wu3 jing1 Qi1 shu1], attributed to Jiang Ziya 薑子牙|姜子牙[Jiang1 Zi3 ya2]
Guó jiā Hù lián wǎng Xìn xī Bàn gōng shì
Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)
bái fù duǎn chì qú
(bird species of China) white-bellied redstart (Luscinia phoenicuroides)
hóng chì lǜ jiū
(bird species of China) white-bellied green pigeon (Treron sieboldii)
Lǐ Hǎi dì yā
(bird species of China) Pander's ground jay (Podoces panderi)
shǔ wú
(bird species of China) corn bunting (Emberiza calandra)
Yuán Hào wèn
Yuan Haowen (1190-1257), famous poet Northern China during the Jin-Yuan transition
Bǎo gāng
Baosteel, China's largest steel maker
Fú shì ōu
(bird species of China) Franklin's gull (Leucophaeus pipixcan)
shā sè zhū què
(bird species of China) pale rosefinch (Carpodacus synoicus)
bái fù jūn jiàn niǎo
(bird species of China) Christmas frigatebird (Fregata andrewsi)
hóng chì sǒu méi
(bird species of China) scarlet-faced liocichla (Liocichla ripponi)
jiǎo pì tī
(bird species of China) horned grebe (Podiceps auritus)
Bǎo gāng Jí tuán
Baosteel, China's largest steel maker
Chūn liǔ Jù chǎng
Spring Willow Society, pioneering Chinese theatrical company set up in Tokyo in 1906, part of New Culture Movement 新文化運動|新文化运动[Xin1 Wen2 hua4 Yun4 dong4], continued in China from 1912 as 新劇同志會|新剧同志会[Xin1 ju4 Tong2 zhi4 hui4]
dōng fāng héng
(bird species of China) oriental plover (Charadrius veredus)
bái fù jǐn jī
(bird species of China) Lady Amherst's pheasant (Chrysolophus amherstiae)
hóng chì fèng tóu juān
(bird species of China) chestnut-winged cuckoo (Clamator coromandus)
Yuǎn dōng shān què
(bird species of China) Japanese tit (Parus minor)
fà guān juǎn wěi
(bird species of China) hair-crested drongo (Dicrurus hottentottus)
huán zuǐ yù
(bird species of China) ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii)
bái fù sǔn diāo
(bird species of China) Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata)
hóng chì jú méi
(bird species of China) Blyth's shrike-babbler (Pteruthius aeralatus)
Yuǎn dōng shù yīng
(bird species of China) Manchurian bush warbler (Horornis borealis)
diāo xiāo
(bird species of China) Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo)
shā bī
(bird species of China) isabelline wheatear (Oenanthe isabellina)
bái fù fèng méi
(bird species of China) white-bellied erpornis (Erpornis zantholeuca)
hóng ěr bēi
(bird species of China) red-whiskered bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus)
Huá běi Shì biàn
North China Incident of October-December 1935, a Japanese attempt to set up a puppet government in north China
Yuǎn dōng wěi yīng
(bird species of China) Manchurian reed warbler (Acrocephalus tangorum)
Chuān
abbr. for Sichuan Province 四川[Si4 chuan1] in southwest China
Xīn jiāng gē qú
(bird species of China) common nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos)
bái fù dōng
(bird species of China) pale thrush (Turdus pallidus)
hóng bèi bó láo
(bird species of China) red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio)
xī zuǐ què
(bird species of China) hawfinch (Coccothraustes coccothraustes)
què sè lí
(bird species of China) silver oriole (Oriolus mellianus)
bái fù yào
(bird species of China) eastern marsh harrier (Circus spilonotus)
hóng bèi hóng wěi qú
(bird species of China) rufous-backed redstart (Phoenicurus erythronotus)
Huá nán guān wén liǔ yīng
(bird species of China) Hartert's leaf warbler (Phylloscopus goodsoni)
Mǎ lái héng
(bird species of China) Malaysian plover (Charadrius peronii)
què qú
(bird species of China) oriental magpie-robin (Copsychus saularis)
Jí lín Shěng
Jilin Province (Kirin) in northeast China, abbr. 吉, capital Changchun 長春|长春[Chang2 chun1]
Dōng Hǎi
East China Sea
East Sea (Chinese mythology and ancient geography)
bái fù lù
(bird species of China) white-bellied heron (Ardea insignis)
hóng xiōng zhuó huā niǎo
(bird species of China) fire-breasted flowerpecker (Dicaeum ignipectus)
Huá nán bān xiōng gōu zuǐ méi
(bird species of China) grey-sided scimitar babbler (Pomatorhinus swinhoei)
luǒ guān
Communist Party official whose wife and children have left China to reside in a foreign country
què yā
(bird species of China) common goldeneye (Bucephala clangula)
bàn pǔ yù
(bird species of China) Asian dowitcher (Limnodromus semipalmatus)
Chuān hè tóu shān què
(bird species of China) Sichuan tit (Poecile weigoldicus)
Xīn luó Wáng cháo
Silla, Korean kingdom 57 BC-935 AD
one of the Korean Three Kingdoms from 1st century AD, defeating its rivals Paikche 百濟|百济[Bai3 ji4] and Koguryo 高句麗|高句丽[Gao1 gou1 li2] around 660 in alliance with Tang China
unified Silla 658-935
bái fù hēi zhuó mù niǎo
(bird species of China) white-bellied woodpecker (Dryocopus javensis)
hóng xiōng jī wēng
(bird species of China) red-breasted flycatcher (Ficedula parva)
Huá Shāng Bào
China Business News (newspaper)
què yào
(bird species of China) pied harrier (Circus melanoleucos)
yī Zhōng yī Tái
one China and one Taiwan (policy)
bái tuǐ xiǎo sǔn
(bird species of China) pied falconet (Microhierax melanoleucos)
hóng xiōng shān zhè gū
(bird species of China) chestnut-breasted partridge (Arborophila mandellii)
Huá shāng Chén bào
China Business Morning Post (morning edition of China Business News 華商報|华商报)
bái liǎn shī
(bird species of China) Przevalski's nuthatch (Sitta przewalskii)
hóng xiōng zhū què
(bird species of China) red-fronted rosefinch (Carpodacus puniceus)
Xiū shì xuán mù què
(bird species of China) Hume's treecreeper (Certhia manipurensis)
Hé běi Shěng
Hebei Province (Hopeh) in north China surrounding Beijing, short name 冀[Ji4], capital Shijiazhuang 石家莊|石家庄[Shi2 jia1 zhuang1]
bái liǎn lù
(bird species of China) white-faced heron (Egretta novaehollandiae)
hóng xiōng tián jī
(bird species of China) ruddy-breasted crake (Porzana fusca)
hēi wù jiù
(bird species of China) red-headed vulture (Sarcogyps calvus)
Xiū shì shù yīng
(bird species of China) Hume's bush warbler (Horornis brunnescens)
Guó jiā Tǒng jì jú
(China) National Bureau of Statistics (NBS)
dà jīn bèi zhuó mù niǎo
(bird species of China) greater flameback (Chrysocolaptes lucidus)
Xīn huá Shū diàn
Xinhua Bookstore, China's largest bookstore chain
dào tián wěi yīng
(bird species of China) paddyfield warbler (Acrocephalus agricola)
hóng xiōng qiū shā yā
(bird species of China) red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator)
hēi guān shān què
(bird species of China) rufous-vented tit (Periparus rubidiventris)
Xiū shì bái hóu lín yīng
(bird species of China) Hume's whitethroat (Sylvia althaea)
dà cháng zuǐ dì dōng
(bird species of China) long-billed thrush (Zoothera monticola)
dào tián liù
(bird species of China) paddyfield pipit (Anthus rufulus)
hóng xiōng jiǎo zhì
(bird species of China) satyr tragopan (Tragopan satyra)
Lù láo
laborer from Mainland China (Tw)
hēi guān liáng niǎo
(bird species of China) Brahminy starling (Sturnia pagodarum)
Sān guāng Zhèng cè
Three Alls Policy (kill all, burn all, loot all), Japanese policy in China during WWII
Dà lù
mainland China (reference to the PRC)
Gān sù liǔ yīng
(bird species of China) Gansu leaf warbler (Phylloscopus kansuensis)
hóng xiōng héng
(bird species of China) Caspian plover (Charadrius asiaticus)
hēi guān yán
(bird species of China) Malayan night heron (Gorsachius melanolophus)
Bīng bù
Ministry of War (in imperial China)
hóng xiōng hēi yàn
(bird species of China) red-breasted goose (Branta ruficollis)
hēi guān juān sǔn
(bird species of China) black baza (Aviceda leuphotes)
hóng xié xiù yǎn niǎo
(bird species of China) chestnut-flanked white-eye (Zosterops erythropleurus)
hēi guān huáng bēi
(bird species of China) black-crested bulbul (Pycnonotus flaviventris)
cóng lín yā
(bird species of China) Indian jungle crow (Corvus culminatus)
xún bǔ
to patrol
policeman (in China's former foreign concessions)
wū zuǐ liǔ yīng
(bird species of China) large-billed leaf warbler (Phylloscopus magnirostris)
hóng xié lán wěi qú
(bird species of China) red-flanked bluetail (Tarsiger cyanurus)
yǎn wén zào méi
(bird species of China) spotted laughingthrush (Garrulax ocellatus)
hóng yāo zhū què
(bird species of China) red-mantled rosefinch (Carpodacus rhodochlamys)
Huá rùn
China Resources (company name)
hēi juǎn wěi
(bird species of China) black drongo (Dicrurus macrocercus)
yóu bí tiān é
(bird species of China) mute swan (Cygnus olor)
yǎn wén huáng shān què
(bird species of China) Himalayan black-lored tit (Machlolophus xanthogenys)
hóng jiǎo kǔ è niǎo
(bird species of China) brown crake (Amaurornis akool)
Huá rùn Wàn jiā
CR Vanguard or China Resources Vanguard Shop, a supermarket chain in Hong Kong and Mainland China
hēi chā wěi hǎi yàn
(bird species of China) Swinhoe's storm petrel (Oceanodroma monorhis)
Sān běi
China's three northern regions, 東北|东北[Dong1 bei3], 華北|华北[Hua2 bei3] and 西北[Xi1 bei3]
Guó Xīn Bàn
State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China, abbr. for 國務院新聞辦公室|国务院新闻办公室[Guo2 wu4 yuan4 Xin1 wen2 Ban4 gong1 shi4]
hé wū
(bird species of China) white-throated dipper (Cinclus cinclus)
liú sū yù
(bird species of China) ruff (Philomachus pugnax)
hóng jiǎo sǔn
(bird species of China) Amur falcon (Falco amurensis)
hè yù
(bird species of China) spotted redshank (Tringa erythropus)
zhǔ bù
official registrar (of a county etc) in imperial China
wū lín xiāo
(bird species of China) great grey owl (Strix nebulosa)
hóng jiǎo jiān niǎo
(bird species of China) red-footed booby (Sula sula)
Nán yà dà cǎo yīng
(bird species of China) Indian grassbird (Graminicola bengalensis)
hóng jiǎo yù
(bird species of China) common redshank (Tringa totanus)
tiáo wén zào méi
(bird species of China) striated laughingthrush (Garrulax striatus)
liè sǔn
(bird species of China) saker falcon (Falco cherrug)
hóng fù yǎo juān
(bird species of China) Ward's trogon (Harpactes wardi)
lǜ hóu tài yáng niǎo
(bird species of China) green-tailed sunbird (Aethopyga nipalensis)
hēi zhuó mù niǎo
(bird species of China) black woodpecker (Dryocopus martius)
cāng xiāo
(bird species of China) barn owl (Tyto alba)
bái dǐng xī qú
(bird species of China) white-capped redstart (Chaimarrornis leucocephalus)
hóng fù shān què
(bird species of China) rusty-breasted tit (Poecile davidi)
lǜ hóu fēng hǔ
(bird species of China) green bee-eater (Merops orientalis)
hēi hóu zào méi
(bird species of China) black-throated laughingthrush (Garrulax chinensis)
sān hé huì
triad, Chinese crime gang
triad society, anti-Manchu secret society in Qing-dynasty China
wū huī yín ōu
(bird species of China) lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus)